ingenuus

From Proto-Italic *enge(gə)nwos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”) + *ǵeǵn̥h₁wṓs, participle of *ǵeǵónh₁e; related to gignō. Equivalent to in- +‎ gignō +‎ -uus. See also indigenus.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɪŋˈɡɛ.nu.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [in̠ʲˈd͡ʒɛː.nu.us]

ingenuus (feminine ingenua, neuter ingenuum); first/second-declension adjective

1. natural, indigenous
2. free-born, freeborn, of free birth
   • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium 47.10:

     Vīs tū cōgitāre istum quem servum tuum vocās ex īsdem sēminibus ortum, eōdem fruī caelō, aequē spīrāre, aequē vīvere, aequē morī! tam tū illum vidēre ingenuum potes quam ille tē servum.

     You want to consider that the one whom you call your slave has arisen from the same seed, to obtain wishes from the same heaven, equally to breathe, equally to live, equally to die! So to you he can seem freeborn just as he [can see] you [as] a slave.

3. noble, upright, frank, candid, ingenuous
4. delicate, tender

First/second-declension adjective.

• “ingenuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ingenuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ingenuus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the sciences; the fine arts: optima studia, bonae, optimae, liberales, ingenuae artes, disciplinae
    
  • to receive a liberal education: liberaliter, ingenue, bene educari
    
• “ingenuus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ingenuus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• “ingenuus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin