kimmota
Finnish
Etymology
kimmo- + -ta; the root is likely sound-symbolic.[1] Compare kimppu, if kirppu ~ kirvota.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkimːotɑˣ/, [ˈk̟imːo̞t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -imːotɑ
- Syllabification(key): kim‧mo‧ta
- Hyphenation(key): kim‧mo‧ta
Verb
kimmota (intransitive)
- to be elastic/springy/resilient
- to snap, spring back
- to bounce back, bounce off, rebound; (of a bullet) to ricochet
- to bounce, bound, spring, leap
- (figuratively, of a person's movement) to spring, shoot, fly, hurl
Conjugation
| Inflection of kimmota (Kotus type 74*H/katketa, mp-mm gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimpoan | en kimpoa | 1st sing. | olen kimmonnut | en ole kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimpoat | et kimpoa | 2nd sing. | olet kimmonnut | et ole kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimpoaa | ei kimpoa | 3rd sing. | on kimmonnut | ei ole kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimpoamme | emme kimpoa | 1st plur. | olemme kimmonneet | emme ole kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimpoatte | ette kimpoa | 2nd plur. | olette kimmonneet | ette ole kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimpoavat | eivät kimpoa | 3rd plur. | ovat kimmonneet | eivät ole kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmotaan | ei kimmota | passive | on kimmottu | ei ole kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimposin | en kimmonnut | 1st sing. | olin kimmonnut | en ollut kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimposit | et kimmonnut | 2nd sing. | olit kimmonnut | et ollut kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimposi | ei kimmonnut | 3rd sing. | oli kimmonnut | ei ollut kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimposimme | emme kimmonneet | 1st plur. | olimme kimmonneet | emme olleet kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimpositte | ette kimmonneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kimmonneet | ette olleet kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimposivat | eivät kimmonneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kimmonneet | eivät olleet kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottiin | ei kimmottu | passive | oli kimmottu | ei ollut kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimpoaisin kimpoisin |
en kimpoaisi en kimpoisi |
1st sing. | olisin kimmonnut | en olisi kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimpoaisit kimpoisit |
et kimpoaisi et kimpoisi |
2nd sing. | olisit kimmonnut | et olisi kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimpoaisi kimpoisi |
ei kimpoaisi ei kimpoisi |
3rd sing. | olisi kimmonnut | ei olisi kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimpoaisimme kimpoisimme |
emme kimpoaisi emme kimpoisi |
1st plur. | olisimme kimmonneet | emme olisi kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimpoaisitte kimpoisitte |
ette kimpoaisi ette kimpoisi |
2nd plur. | olisitte kimmonneet | ette olisi kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimpoaisivat kimpoisivat |
eivät kimpoaisi eivät kimpoisi |
3rd plur. | olisivat kimmonneet | eivät olisi kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottaisiin | ei kimmottaisi | passive | olisi kimmottu | ei olisi kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimpoa | älä kimpoa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimmotkoon | älköön kimmotko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kimmonnut | älköön olko kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimmotkaamme | älkäämme kimmotko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimmotkaa | älkää kimmotko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimmotkoot | älkööt kimmotko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kimmonneet | älkööt olko kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottakoon | älköön kimmottako | passive | olkoon kimmottu | älköön olko kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimmonnen | en kimmonne | 1st sing. | lienen kimmonnut | en liene kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimmonnet | et kimmonne | 2nd sing. | lienet kimmonnut | et liene kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimmonnee | ei kimmonne | 3rd sing. | lienee kimmonnut | ei liene kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimmonnemme | emme kimmonne | 1st plur. | lienemme kimmonneet | emme liene kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimmonnette | ette kimmonne | 2nd plur. | lienette kimmonneet | ette liene kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimmonnevat | eivät kimmonne | 3rd plur. | lienevät kimmonneet | eivät liene kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottaneen | ei kimmottane | passive | lienee kimmottu | ei liene kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kimmota | present | kimpoava | kimmottava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kimmonnut | kimmottu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kimmotessa | kimmottaessa | agent4 | kimpoama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kimpoamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kimmoten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kimpoamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kimpoamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kimpoamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kimpoamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kimpoamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kimpoaman | kimmottaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | kimpoaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Inflection of kimmota (Kotus type 74/katketa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimmoan | en kimmoa | 1st sing. | olen kimmonnut | en ole kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimmoat | et kimmoa | 2nd sing. | olet kimmonnut | et ole kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimmoaa | ei kimmoa | 3rd sing. | on kimmonnut | ei ole kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimmoamme | emme kimmoa | 1st plur. | olemme kimmonneet | emme ole kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimmoatte | ette kimmoa | 2nd plur. | olette kimmonneet | ette ole kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimmoavat | eivät kimmoa | 3rd plur. | ovat kimmonneet | eivät ole kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmotaan | ei kimmota | passive | on kimmottu | ei ole kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimmosin | en kimmonnut | 1st sing. | olin kimmonnut | en ollut kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimmosit | et kimmonnut | 2nd sing. | olit kimmonnut | et ollut kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimmosi | ei kimmonnut | 3rd sing. | oli kimmonnut | ei ollut kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimmosimme | emme kimmonneet | 1st plur. | olimme kimmonneet | emme olleet kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimmositte | ette kimmonneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kimmonneet | ette olleet kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimmosivat | eivät kimmonneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kimmonneet | eivät olleet kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottiin | ei kimmottu | passive | oli kimmottu | ei ollut kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimmoaisin kimmoisin |
en kimmoaisi en kimmoisi |
1st sing. | olisin kimmonnut | en olisi kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimmoaisit kimmoisit |
et kimmoaisi et kimmoisi |
2nd sing. | olisit kimmonnut | et olisi kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimmoaisi kimmoisi |
ei kimmoaisi ei kimmoisi |
3rd sing. | olisi kimmonnut | ei olisi kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimmoaisimme kimmoisimme |
emme kimmoaisi emme kimmoisi |
1st plur. | olisimme kimmonneet | emme olisi kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimmoaisitte kimmoisitte |
ette kimmoaisi ette kimmoisi |
2nd plur. | olisitte kimmonneet | ette olisi kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimmoaisivat kimmoisivat |
eivät kimmoaisi eivät kimmoisi |
3rd plur. | olisivat kimmonneet | eivät olisi kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottaisiin | ei kimmottaisi | passive | olisi kimmottu | ei olisi kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimmoa | älä kimmoa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimmotkoon | älköön kimmotko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kimmonnut | älköön olko kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimmotkaamme | älkäämme kimmotko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimmotkaa | älkää kimmotko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimmotkoot | älkööt kimmotko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kimmonneet | älkööt olko kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottakoon | älköön kimmottako | passive | olkoon kimmottu | älköön olko kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kimmonnen | en kimmonne | 1st sing. | lienen kimmonnut | en liene kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kimmonnet | et kimmonne | 2nd sing. | lienet kimmonnut | et liene kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kimmonnee | ei kimmonne | 3rd sing. | lienee kimmonnut | ei liene kimmonnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kimmonnemme | emme kimmonne | 1st plur. | lienemme kimmonneet | emme liene kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kimmonnette | ette kimmonne | 2nd plur. | lienette kimmonneet | ette liene kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kimmonnevat | eivät kimmonne | 3rd plur. | lienevät kimmonneet | eivät liene kimmonneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kimmottaneen | ei kimmottane | passive | lienee kimmottu | ei liene kimmottu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kimmota | present | kimmoava | kimmottava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kimmonnut | kimmottu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kimmotessa | kimmottaessa | agent4 | kimmoama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kimmoamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kimmoten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kimmoamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kimmoamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kimmoamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kimmoamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kimmoamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kimmoaman | kimmottaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | kimmoaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Kielitoimiston sanakirja argues that the inflection without gradation (-mm-) is more common for the senses “to be elastic, springy” and “to snap, spring back”, while the inflection with gradation (-mp- : -mm-) is more common for the senses “to bounce back, bounce off, rebound, ricochet” and “to bounce, bound, spring, leap”. In practice, the inflection with gradation is more common for all senses.
Derived terms
References
- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
- “kimmota”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023