lestar

Old Irish

Etymology

Generally considered a borrowing from Proto-Brythonic *llestr (whence also Welsh llestr (“vessel, receptacle”)), due to the existence of the cluster /st/, which should have become /s/ in native vocabulary.[1] The Brythonic word is from Proto-Celtic *lexstrom (“pot”).

However, Schrijver does point out that *str normally does not lose the *t when preceded by a velar consonant, which is instead lost.[2] This makes the Old Irish word a straightforward inheritance from Proto-Celtic *lexstrom.

Noun

lestar n (genitive lestair, nominative plural lestra)

  1. vessel
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 94c9
      .i. air lani ind lestair .i. sechis ar lani in[na] diglae-sín.
      i.e. for the fullness of the vessel; that is, namely, for the fullness of that punishment.

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative lestarN lestarN lestarL, lestra
vocative lestarN lestarN lestarL, lestra
accusative lestarN lestarN lestarL, lestra
genitive lestairL lestar lestarN
dative lesturL lestraib lestraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: lestar

Mutation

Mutation of lestar
radical lenition nasalization
lestar
also llestar in h-prothesis environments		 lestar
pronounced with /lʲ-/		 lestar
also llestar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*lestro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 238
  2. ^ Schrijver, Peter (2022), “The Development of Proto-Celtic *st in British Celtic”, in Simon Rodway, Jenny Rowland, and Erich Poppe, editors, Celts, Gaels, and Britons: Studies in Language and Literature from Antiquity to the Middle Ages in Honour of Patrick Sims-Williams (Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe), Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, →ISBN

Further reading

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