piḑīm

Livonian

Etymology

From forms of pi’ddõ. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpiɟiːm/, [ˈpiɟiːm]

Verb

piḑīm

  1. (impersonal, auxiliary) have to, must [with supine]

Usage notes

Always used with a subject (e.g. a personal pronoun) in the nominative and a verb.

Conjugation

Only inflected for mood: piḑīm (“have to, must”) for indicative and piḑīks (“should, ought to”) for conditional.

References

  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “piḑīm”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[1] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra
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