rudo

See also: Rudo

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈrudo]

Noun

rudo f

  1. vocative singular of ruda

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH- (“to weep”).[1] Akin to Ancient Greek ὠρύω (ōrúō) and Latin rāvis, raucus, rāvus.

Pronunciation

Verb

rū̆dō (present infinitive rū̆dere, perfect active rū̆dīvī, supine rū̆dītum); third conjugation

  1. (of lions) to roar
  2. (of donkeys) to bray
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.433–434:
      ecce rudēns raucō Sīlēnī vector asellus
      intempestīvōs ēdidit ōre sonōs.
      Lo and behold! Braying with a hoarse throat, the little donkey that had carried Silenus
      opened its mouth to make an untimely noise.
  3. (of cervids) to bell
  4. (figuratively) to shout, to yell
    • c. 62 CE, Persius, Saturae 3.9:
      findor, ut arcadiae pecuāria rūdere crēdās.
      I'm so being torn apart, you might think it's an arcadian herd bellowing.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of rū̆dō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present rū̆dō rū̆dis rū̆dit rū̆dimus rū̆ditis rū̆dunt
imperfect rū̆dēbam rū̆dēbās rū̆dēbat rū̆dēbāmus rū̆dēbātis rū̆dēbant
future rū̆dam rū̆dēs rū̆det rū̆dēmus rū̆dētis rū̆dent
perfect rū̆dīvī rū̆dīvistī rū̆dīvit rū̆dīvimus rū̆dīvistis rū̆dīvērunt,
rū̆dīvēre
pluperfect rū̆dīveram rū̆dīverās rū̆dīverat rū̆dīverāmus rū̆dīverātis rū̆dīverant
future perfect rū̆dīverō rū̆dīveris rū̆dīverit rū̆dīverimus rū̆dīveritis rū̆dīverint
passive present rū̆dor rū̆deris,
rū̆dere 		rū̆ditur rū̆dimur rū̆diminī rū̆duntur
imperfect rū̆dēbar rū̆dēbāris,
rū̆dēbāre 		rū̆dēbātur rū̆dēbāmur rū̆dēbāminī rū̆dēbantur
future rū̆dar rū̆dēris,
rū̆dēre 		rū̆dētur rū̆dēmur rū̆dēminī rū̆dentur
perfect rū̆dītus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect rū̆dītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect rū̆dītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present rū̆dam rū̆dās rū̆dat rū̆dāmus rū̆dātis rū̆dant
imperfect rū̆derem rū̆derēs rū̆deret rū̆derēmus rū̆derētis rū̆derent
perfect rū̆dīverim rū̆dīverīs rū̆dīverit rū̆dīverīmus rū̆dīverītis rū̆dīverint
pluperfect rū̆dīvissem rū̆dīvissēs rū̆dīvisset rū̆dīvissēmus rū̆dīvissētis rū̆dīvissent
passive present rū̆dar rū̆dāris,
rū̆dāre 		rū̆dātur rū̆dāmur rū̆dāminī rū̆dantur
imperfect rū̆derer rū̆derēris,
rū̆derēre 		rū̆derētur rū̆derēmur rū̆derēminī rū̆derentur
perfect rū̆dītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect rū̆dītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — rū̆de — — rū̆dite —
future — rū̆ditō rū̆ditō — rū̆ditōte rū̆duntō
passive present — rū̆dere — — rū̆diminī —
future — rū̆ditor rū̆ditor — — rū̆duntor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present rū̆dere rū̆dī rū̆dēns —
future rū̆dītūrum esse rū̆dītum īrī rū̆dītūrus rū̆dendus,
rū̆dundus
perfect rū̆dīvisse rū̆dītum esse — rū̆dītus
future perfect — rū̆dītum fore — —
perfect potential rū̆dītūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
rū̆dendī rū̆dendō rū̆dendum rū̆dendō rū̆dītum rū̆dītū

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “-rū̆dō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 528-529

Further reading

  • “rudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “rudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) to retire from service: rude donatum esse (Phil. 2. 29)

Latvian

Adjective

rudo

  1. inflection of ruds:
    1. definite vocative/accusative/instrumental masculine/feminine singular
    2. definite genitive masculine/feminine plural

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈru.dɔ/
  • Rhymes: -udɔ
  • Syllabification: ru‧do

Etymology 1

From rudy +‎ -o.

Adverb

rudo (not comparable)

  1. rufously
adjectives
nouns

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

rudo f

  1. vocative singular of ruda

Further reading

  • rudo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • rudo in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Adjective

rudo (Cyrillic spelling рудо)

  1. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular of rud

Noun

rudo (Cyrillic spelling рудо)

  1. vocative singular of ruda

Slovene

Noun

rudo

  1. accusative/instrumental singular of ruda

Spanish

Etymology

From a derivative of Latin rudis.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈrudo/ [ˈru.ð̞o]
  • Rhymes: -udo
  • Syllabification: ru‧do

Adjective

rudo (feminine ruda, masculine plural rudos, feminine plural rudas)

  1. rude, rough, crude, rugged
    • 2021 April 26, John Malathronas, “¿Cuáles son los idiomas más fáciles (y difíciles) de aprender para los hablantes nativos de inglés?”, in CNN en Español‎[2]:
      El japonés que se habla también depende del género. Hay un lenguaje “rudo” para los hombres y otro más “femenino” para las mujeres, pero debes entender ambos.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Noun

rudo m (plural rudos, feminine ruda, feminine plural rudas)

  1. (slang, professional wrestling) heel (a wrestler whose in-ring persona embodies villainous or reprehensible traits)

Coordinate terms

Further reading

Anagrams

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