subeo

From sub- (“under”) +‎ eō (“go”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈsʊ.be.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈsuː.be.o]

subeō (present infinitive subīre, perfect active subiī or subīvī, supine subitum); irregular conjugation

1. to go under, come under; enter

   Synonyms: ineō, ingredior, introeō, intrō, succēdō, accēdō, invādō, immigrō

   Antonyms: exeō, ēvādō, ēgredior, abeō, ēiciō

   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 2.346–353:

     Quod superest, quaecumque premes virgulta per agros,
     Sparge fimo pingui et multa memor occule terra,
     Aut lapidem bibulum aut squalentis infode conchas;
     Inter enim labentur aquae tenuisque subibit
     Halitus atque animos tollent sata; iamque reperti,
     Qui saxo super atque ingentis pondere testae
     Urgerent; hoc effusos munimen ad imbris,
     Hoc, ubi hiulca siti findit canis aestifer arva.

     • Translation by James B. Greenough

       For the rest, whate'er
       The sets thou plantest in thy fields, thereon
       Strew refuse rich, and with abundant earth
       Take heed to hide them, and dig in withal
       Rough shells or porous stone, for therebetween
       Will water trickle and fine vapour creep,
       And so the plants their drooping spirits raise.
       Aye, and there have been, who with weight of stone
       Or heavy potsherd press them from above;
       This serves for shield in pelting showers, and this
       When the hot dog-star chaps the fields with drought.

   • 20 BCE – 14 BCE, Horace, Epistles 1.7:

     Macra cavum repetes artum quem macra subisti

     Thin, you will return to the narrow cave that you entered thin

2. to come or go up to, approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; come or go on

   Synonyms: adorior, prōgredior, prōdeō, prōcēdō, adeō, incēdō, aggredior, gradior, īnferō, succēdō, prōficiō

   Antonyms: discēdō, dīgredior, facessō, excēdō, dēficiō, dēgredior, dēcēdō

3. to succeed, follow, take place

   Synonyms: succēdō, excipiō, sequor

4. to occur, come to mind
   • 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 1.125–126:

     et sī quae subeunt, tēcum, liber, omnia ferrēs,
     sarcina lātūrō magna futūrus erās.

     And, [my] book, if you were to carry with you all [the thoughts] which are coming to mind, [what] a heavy burden you would be to the one who will be carrying you!
     (Writing from exile, Ovid addresses his book as if it were a living emissary he will send back to Rome. The poet mingles present and future tenses in this conditional “if–then” couplet.)

5. to submit to, undergo, bear, endure

   Synonyms: tolerō, sustineō, patiō, accipiō, recipiō, sinō, suscipiō, sufferō, dūrō, ferō, perferō, sustentō, perpetior

6. to approach stealthily, sneak up on
7. to go up, mount, climb, scale

   Synonyms: īnscendō, cōnscendō, ascendō, escendō, succēdō, enitor, superscandō, suprascandō, ērēpō, scandō

   Antonyms: dēscendō, dēcurrō

Irregular conjugation, but similar to fourth conjugation. The third principal part is most often contracted to subiī, but occasionally appears as subīvī.

• subitārius
• subitō
• subitus

• “subeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “subeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• subeo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• “subeo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to suffer mishap: calamitatem accipere, subire
    
  • to incur danger, risk: pericula subire, adire, suscipere
    
  • to suffer reproof; to be criticised, blamed: vituperationem subire
    
  • to gain the reputation of cruelty: famam crudelitatis subire (Catil. 4. 6. 12)
    
  • to incur ignominy: infamiam concipere, subire, sibi conflare
    
  • an idea strikes me: haec cogitatio subit animum
    
  • to incur a person's hatred: alicuius odium subire, suscipere, in se convertere, sibi conflare
    
  • to enter the house: tectum subire
    
  • to submit to a punishment: poenam subire
    
  • to advance to the walls protected by a covering of shields: testudine facta moenia subire (B. G. 2. 6)
    
  • to accept the terms of the peace: pacis condiciones accipere, subire (opp. repudiare, respuere)
    
  • (ambiguous) to speak extempore: subito, ex tempore (opp. ex praeparato) dicere