surgeler
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /syʁ.ʒə.le/
Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
surgeler
- to deep-freeze
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like parler, except the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-, as in the third-person singular present indicative il surgèle and the third-person singular future indicative il surgèlera.
Conjugation of surgeler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | surgeler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | surgelant /syʁ.ʒə.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | surgelé /syʁ.ʒə.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | surgèle /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
surgèles /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
surgèle /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
surgelons /syʁ.ʒə.lɔ̃/ |
surgelez /syʁ.ʒə.le/ |
surgèlent /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
| imperfect | surgelais /syʁ.ʒə.lɛ/ |
surgelais /syʁ.ʒə.lɛ/ |
surgelait /syʁ.ʒə.lɛ/ |
surgelions /syʁ.ʒə.ljɔ̃/ |
surgeliez /syʁ.ʒə.lje/ |
surgelaient /syʁ.ʒə.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | surgelai /syʁ.ʒə.le/ |
surgelas /syʁ.ʒə.la/ |
surgela /syʁ.ʒə.la/ |
surgelâmes /syʁ.ʒə.lam/ |
surgelâtes /syʁ.ʒə.lat/ |
surgelèrent /syʁ.ʒə.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | surgèlerai /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁe/ |
surgèleras /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁa/ |
surgèlera /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁa/ |
surgèlerons /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁɔ̃/ |
surgèlerez /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁe/ |
surgèleront /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | surgèlerais /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁɛ/ |
surgèlerais /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁɛ/ |
surgèlerait /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁɛ/ |
surgèlerions /syʁ.ʒɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /syʁ.ʒe.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
surgèleriez /syʁ.ʒɛ.lə.ʁje/ or /syʁ.ʒe.lə.ʁje/ |
surgèleraient /syʁ.ʒɛl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | surgèle /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
surgèles /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
surgèle /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
surgelions /syʁ.ʒə.ljɔ̃/ |
surgeliez /syʁ.ʒə.lje/ |
surgèlent /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
| imperfect2 | surgelasse /syʁ.ʒə.las/ |
surgelasses /syʁ.ʒə.las/ |
surgelât /syʁ.ʒə.la/ |
surgelassions /syʁ.ʒə.la.sjɔ̃/ |
surgelassiez /syʁ.ʒə.la.sje/ |
surgelassent /syʁ.ʒə.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | surgèle /syʁ.ʒɛl/ |
— | surgelons /syʁ.ʒə.lɔ̃/ |
surgelez /syʁ.ʒə.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “surgeler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.