Translingual
Han character
呂 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口竹口 (RHR), four-corner 60600, composition ⿳口丿口)
Derived characters
- 侶, 𠴊, 𡋿, 㛎, 𢙲, 𤞪, 𨹬, 𨓐, 梠, 𣨕, 𥆻, 𥓅, 𥺓, 絽, 𠒦, 躳, 𡳎, 鋁, 𤀗, 𥖓
- 𠭤, 𥖕, 𤳧, 𡄀, 宮, 𡱶, 莒, 営, 筥, 營, 麿, 閭
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 181, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3386
- Dae Jaweon: page 398, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 577, character 12
- Unihan data for U+5442
Chinese
Glyph origin
Ji Xusheng (2014): Pictogram (象形): two blocks of metal. Original form of 鋁 (“ingot”). Later incorporated into 金 (“metal”) as a semantic component.
Shuowen interprets it as a pictogram of two vertebrae. However, the two blocks were originally disconnected, and the connecting line was only added in the seal script.
Later phonetically borrowed for to represent 膂 (OC *ɡ·raʔ, “spine”) and 呂 (OC *ɡ·raʔ, “music notes”). The character was later borrowed phonetically to mean "I; give" and modified and stylized into 予.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ra-t (“bone”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃y³³/
- Puxian Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan)
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Longyan)
Note:
- lū/lǐr/lī/līr - vernacular, and for surname;
- lú/lír/lí - literary.
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 6li; 6liu
- MiniDict: li去; liu去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3li; 3ly
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²³/, /ly²³/
Note:
- 3li - vernacular;
- 3ly - literary.
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
呂
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
lǚ
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ ljoX ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*[r]aʔ/
|
| English
|
spine; pitch-pipe
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
呂
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
8579
|
Phonetic component
|
呂
|
Rime group
|
魚
|
Rime subdivision
|
0
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
吕
|
Old Chinese
|
/*ɡ·raʔ/
|
| Notes
|
甲金文象鑄青銅器用的鋌塊, 中不連,非膂初文
|
Definitions
呂
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, anatomy) spine
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, music) even-numbered notes in shí'èrlǜ
- Lü, a state in China that existed in the early years of the Spring and Autumn Period
- a surname
- 呂布/吕布 ― Lǚ Bù ― Lü Bu (Chinese military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty)
Descendants
Compounds
- 中呂 / 中吕
- 九鼎大呂 / 九鼎大吕
- 伊呂 / 伊吕
- 六呂 / 六吕
- 南呂 / 南吕
- 呂公枕 / 吕公枕
- 呂劇 / 吕剧 (lǚjù)
- 呂安題鳳 / 吕安题凤
- 呂宋 / 吕宋 (Lǚsòng)
- 呂寨 / 吕寨 (Lǚzhài)
- 呂梁 (Lüliang)
- 呂梁山
- 呂氏春秋 / 吕氏春秋 (Lǚshìchūnqiū)
- 呂洞賓 / 吕洞宾 (Lǚ Dòngbīn)
- 呂相 / 吕相
- 呂祖 / 吕祖 (Lǚzǔ)
- 呂蒙 / 吕蒙
- 呂蒙正 / 吕蒙正
- 呂覽 / 吕览 (Lǚlǎn)
- 大呂 / 大吕
- 小呂 / 小吕
- 律呂 / 律吕 (lǜlǚ)
- 律呂正義 / 律吕正义
- 知音諳呂 / 知音谙吕
- 音呂 / 音吕
- 黃鐘大呂 / 黄钟大吕
Japanese
Kanji
呂
(Jōyō kanji)
- spine
- backbone
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term
|
| 呂
|
せぼね Grade: S
|
| kun'yomi
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 呂 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 呂, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
|
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term
|
| 呂
|
りょ Grade: S
|
| kan'on
|
Proper noun
呂 • (Ryo)
- an orthographic borrowing of the Chinese surname 呂 / 吕 (lǚ), Lu
Korean
Hanja
呂 (eum 려 (ryeo))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
呂: Hán Nôm readings: lã, lả, lỡ, lử, lữa, rả, rứa, trả, trở, lớ, lở, lữ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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