See also: and
U+584A, 塊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-584A

[U+5849]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+584B]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土竹山戈 (GHUI), four-corner 46113, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 235, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5319
  • Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 17
  • Unihan data for U+584A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰuːls, *kʰruːds): semantic (earth; dust) + phonetic (OC *kulʔ) – clod of dirt.

Etymology 1

trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Unknown (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note: kuai3 - classifier.
Note:
  • Ningbo:
    • 3khuei - classifier.
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: kuai3
        • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯ai̯⁴¹/
      • (Loudi)
        • Wiktionary: kua3 / kua4
        • Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯a⁴²/, /kʰu̯a³⁵/

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /kʰuai⁵¹/
    Harbin /kʰuai⁵³/
    Tianjin /kʰuai⁵³/
    Jinan /kʰuɛ²¹/
    Qingdao /kʰuɛ⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /kʰuai³¹²/
    Xi'an /kʰuai⁵³/
    Xining /kʰuɛ⁵³/
    Yinchuan /kʰuɛ⁵³/
    /kʰuɛ¹³/
    Lanzhou /kʰuɛ⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /kʰuai²¹³/
    Wuhan /kʰuai⁴²/
    Chengdu /kʰuai⁵³/
    Guiyang /kʰuai⁴²/
    Kunming /kʰuæ⁵³/
    Nanjing /kʰuae⁴⁴/
    Hefei /kʰue̞⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /kʰuai⁴⁵/ 一~糖
    /kʰuai⁵³/ 糖~~
    Pingyao /kʰuæ⁵³/
    /xuæ⁵³/ 一~人
    Hohhot /kʰuɛ⁵⁵/ 兩~錢
    /kʰuɛ⁵³/ 石頭~子
    Wu Shanghai /kʰue³⁵/
    Suzhou /kʰue̞⁵¹³/
    Hangzhou /kʰue̞⁴⁴⁵/
    Wenzhou /kʰai⁴²/
    Hui Shexian /kʰua³²⁴/
    Tunxi /kʰua⁴²/
    Xiang Changsha /kʰuai⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /kʰuai⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /kʰuai²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /kʰuai⁵³/
    Taoyuan
    Cantonese Guangzhou /fai³³/
    Nanning /fai³³/
    /wai³³/
    Hong Kong /fai³³/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kʰuai²¹/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰuɑi²¹²/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min)
    Shantou (Teochew) /ko²¹³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /xɔi³⁵/
    /xuai³⁵/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (29)
    Final () (42)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter khwojH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kʰuʌiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kʰuoiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kʰuɒiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kʰwəjH/
    Li
    Rong
    /kʰuᴀiH/
    Wang
    Li
    /kʰuɒiH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /kʰuɑ̆iH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    kuì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    fui3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    kuài kuài
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ khwɛjH › ‹ khwojH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[kʰ]ˁ<r>uj-s/ /*[kʰ]ˁuj-s/
    English clod, lump clod; lump

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 4666 4676
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2 2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kʰuːls/ /*kʰruːds/
    Notes

    Definitions

    1. piece; chunk; lump; part
      切成切成  ―  Bǎ ròu qièchéng xiǎo kuài.  ―  Cut the meat into bite-sized pieces.
    2. Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
      蛋糕蛋糕  ―  kuài dàngāo  ―  a slice of cake
      木頭木头  ―  kuài mùtóu  ―  a piece of wood
      [Cantonese]  ―  nei1 faai3 muk6 [Jyutping]  ―  this piece of wood
      [Cantonese]  ―  nei1 faai3 juk6 [Jyutping]  ―  this slab of meat
      [MSC, trad.]
      [MSC, simp.]
      Tā bèi gē chéng le sān kuài. [Pinyin]
      It was cut into three pieces.
    3. Classifier for areas of land: plot; tract; area
      [Cantonese]  ―  nei1 faai3 dei6 [Jyutping]  ―  this plot of land
    4. (colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
      可以 [MSC, trad.]
      可以 [MSC, simp.]
      Nǐ gěi sān kuài, jiù kěyǐ le. [Pinyin]
      If you give 3 yuan, it'll be enough.
        ―  kuài qián  ―  a yuan; a dollar
        ―  jiǔ kuài yī máo  ―  9.10 yuan
    5. (Teochew) place
    6. (Sichuanese, obsolete) tomb; grave
    7. (archaic) calm and indifferent
      Alternative form:
    8. (archaic) solitary; alone
      Alternative form:
    Synonyms
    See also
    • (Cantonese) (gau6)

    Compounds

    Etymology 2

    trad.
    simp.

    Jerry Norman reconstructs Common Min *tɔi5 based on the coastal Min forms; it is unclear how the Northern Min forms relate to the Coastal Min forms. Possibly from (OC *doːns, “section; segment”); compare (OC *toːnʔ, “short”) > Xiamen Hokkien (Coblin, n.d.).

    Pronunciation



    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing
    Harbin
    Tianjin
    Jinan
    Qingdao
    Zhengzhou
    Xi'an
    Xining
    Yinchuan
    Lanzhou
    Ürümqi
    Wuhan
    Chengdu
    Guiyang
    Kunming
    Nanjing
    Hefei
    Jin Taiyuan
    Pingyao
    Hohhot
    Wu Shanghai
    Suzhou
    Hangzhou
    Wenzhou
    Hui Shexian
    Tunxi
    Xiang Changsha
    Xiangtan
    Gan Nanchang
    Hakka Meixian
    Taoyuan
    Cantonese Guangzhou
    Nanning
    Hong Kong
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /te²¹/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tøy³²/ 訓讀
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰi⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew)
    Haikou (Hainanese)

    Definitions

    1. (Eastern Min, Hokkien) piece; chunk; lump; part
    2. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, Hokkien, Leizhou Min) Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
    3. (Northern Min, Eastern Min, colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
    4. (Hokkien) Classifier for songs and stories.
    5. (Eastern Min, Hokkien, Teochew) place
      Alternative forms: ,  / ,  /
      [Eastern Min]  ―  diē-dó̤i / [tie³³⁻⁵⁵ (t-)lɔy²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  where
      [Hokkien]  ―  tìn- [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to take up space
    6. (Taiwanese Hokkien) home
      Alternative form:
    7. (Eastern Min, Hokkien) Classifier for places.
    Synonyms

    Compounds

    Etymology 3

    trad.
    simp.

    Pronunciation

    Definitions

    1. (Hokkien) alternative form of (in the process of; currently)

    Further reading

    Japanese

    Kanji

    (Jōyō kanji)

    Readings

    • Go-on: (ke)
    • Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
    • Kun: かたまり (katamari, , Jōyō)つちくれ (tsuchikure, )

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    かたまり
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi


    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    かたまり
    [noun] lump, mass, clump, clod, glob
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    かい
    Grade: S
    kan'on

    From Middle Chinese (MC khwojH).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [ka̠i]

    Affix

    (かい) • (kai

    1. lump, mass, chunk, clod
    Derived terms

    References

    Korean

    Etymology

    From Middle Chinese (MC khwojH).

    Pronunciation

    Hanja

    (eumhun 덩어리 (deong'eori goe))

    1. hanja form? of (piece; chunk; lump)

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    : Hán Nôm readings: khối, cỏi, khỏi, hòn, khói

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.