閼氏

Chinese

phonetic
trad. (閼氏) 閼 氏
simp. (阏氏) 阏 氏

Etymology

Vovin (2003) posits a Yeniseian origin ultimately from Proto-Yeniseian *atɬ (“partner, spouse”), most likely via Old Arin *aλte (“partner”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 閼 閼 氏
Reading # 1/4 2/4 1/3
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 影 (34) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 先 (85) 仙 (79) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) IV III III
Fanqie 烏前切 於乾切 章移切
Baxter 'en 'jen tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔen/ /ʔˠiᴇn/ /t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔen/ /ʔᵚiɛn/ /t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔɛn/ /ʔiæn/ /t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɛn/ /ʔian/ /ciə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ʔen/ /ʔjɛn/ /t͡ɕie/
Wang
Li 		/ien/ /ĭɛn/ /t͡ɕǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔien/ /ʔi̯ɛn/ /t͡ɕie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yān yān zhī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jin1 jin1 zi1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 閼 閼 氏
Reading # 1/4 2/4 2/3
No. 15807 15808 11515
Phonetic
component 		於 於 氏
Rime
group 		元 元 支
Rime
subdivision 		1 2 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		焉 煙 支
Old
Chinese 		/*qran/ /*qeːn/ /*kje/
Notes 閼氏見史記 月氏

Noun

閼氏

  1. (historical) wife of a Xiongnu chief

References

  1. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2003), “Did the Xiongnu Speak a Yeniseian Language? Part 2: Vocabulary”, in Altaica Budapestinensia, volume MMII (Proceedings of the 45th Permanent International Altaistic Conference [PIAC]), page 392 of 389-394
  2. ^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*alte”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 38
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