Līb

Livonian

Alternative forms

  • lībe

Etymology

Akin to Latvian lībis, Old East Slavic либь (libĭ), Old Novgorodian *либь (*libĭ). According to Kallio (2021), this word was borrowed from one of these languages into (Middle) Low German, where it underwent a change of intervocalic -b- > -v-, yielding e.g. līvli.[1] This implies that -b- is original rather than -v-. Further etymology and original meaning is unknown.

EES takes the contrary view, arguing that the forms with -b- derive from other languages like Latvian or German. See līvli for more.[2]

Noun

Līb

  1. (Salaca) a Livonian, Liv

References

  1. ^ Kallio, Petri. The position of Leivu (2021). Journal of Estonian and Finno-Ugric Linguistics, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 123–143
  2. ^ “liivi”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Pajusalu, Karl & Winkler, Eberhard, Salis-livisches Wörterbuch (2009). Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia. Tallinn.
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