Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/erkʷos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁erkʷós (“something praised, sung, or shining”).

Noun

*erkʷos m

  1. sky, heavens
    Synonym: *nemos

Inflection

The masculine o-stem declension is entirely extrapolated from its Sanskrit cognate अर्क (arká-, “praise, hymn; singer”).

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *erkʷos *erkʷou *erkʷoi
vocative *erkʷe *erkʷou *erkoi
accusative *erkʷom *erkʷou *erkons
genitive *erkʷī *erkʷous *erkʷom
dative *erkūi *erkʷobom *erkʷobos
locative *erkʷei *? *?
instrumental *erkū *erkʷobim *erkʷūis

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: erc (“sky, heaven”), ⇒ súairc, dúairc

Further reading

  • Stifter, David (2004), “Altirisch ríched ‘christlicher Himmel’”, in Erich Poppe, editor, Keltologie heute—Themen und Fragestellungen. Akten des 3. Deutschen Keltolo-gensymposiums Marburg, März 2001 (in German), Münster: Nodus Publikationen, pages 81–94
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