Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁erkʷós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Possibly a nominalization of *h₁erkʷ- (“to praise, sing”) +‎ *-ós (deverbal adjective suffix).

Noun

*h₁erkʷós m^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

something that does or is subject to:
1. singing
2. praise
3. shining

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*h₁erkʷós
genitive	*h₁erkʷósyo
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₁erkʷós	*h₁erkʷóh₁	*h₁erkʷóes
vocative	*h₁erkʷé	*h₁erkʷóh₁	*h₁erkʷóes
accusative	*h₁erkʷóm	*h₁erkʷóh₁	*h₁erkʷóms
genitive	*h₁erkʷósyo	*?	*h₁erkʷóHom
ablative	*h₁erkʷéad	*?	h₁erkʷómos, h₁erkʷóbʰos
dative	*h₁erkʷóey	*?	h₁erkʷómos, h₁erkʷóbʰos
locative	h₁erkʷéy, h₁erkʷóy	*?	*h₁erkʷóysu
instrumental	*h₁erkʷóh₁	*?	*h₁erkʷṓys

Descendants

Armenian:
- Old Armenian: երգ (erg, “song”)
  - Armenian: երգ (erg)
Proto-Celtic: *erkʷos
- Middle Irish: erc (“sky, heaven”), ⇒ súairc, dúairc
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Harkás
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: अर्क (arká-, “praise, hymn; singer”)
Tocharian:
- Tocharian A: yärk
- Tocharian B: yarke

References

^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 449
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “erg”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 260
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “yarke”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 521
^ Macak, Martin (2017–2018), “Chapter X: Armenian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The phonology of Classical Armenian, page 1051

[1] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 449

[2] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “erg”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 260

[3] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “yarke”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 521

[4] Macak, Martin (2017–2018), “Chapter X: Armenian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The phonology of Classical Armenian, page 1051

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