Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koira
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *kojera (“male animal”).[1] The meaning "dog" appears also in Komi кыр (kyr, “male dog”).
Noun
*koira[2]
- (male) dog
Inflection
Inflection of *koira
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *koira | *koirat | |
| accusative | *koiran | *koirat | |
| genitive | *koiran | *koiradën *koirëidën | |
| partitive | *koirada | *koirëida | |
| inessive | *koirassa *koirahna |
*koirëissa *koirëihna | |
| elative | *koirasta | *koirëista | |
| illative | *koirahën | *koirëihën | |
| adessive | *koiralla | *koirëilla | |
| ablative | *koiralta | *koirëilta | |
| allative | *koiralën *koiralëk |
*koirëilën *koirëilëk | |
| essive | *koirana | *koirëina | |
| translative | *koiraksi | *koirëiksi | |
| instructive | *koiran | *koirëin | |
| comitative | *koiranëk | *koirëinëk | |
| abessive | *koiratta | *koirëitta | |
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
- Estonian: koer
- Finnish: koira
- Ingrian: koira
- Karelian:
- Livvi: koiru
- Veps: koir
- Võro: koir
- Votic: koirõ
References
- ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “koira”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*koira”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][3] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN