Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/peni

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Permic *penä +‎ *-i.[1] Cognates include Proto-Samic *peanëk.

Noun

*peni[2]

  1. dog
    Synonym: *koira

Inflection

Inflection of *peni
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *peni *penit
accusative *penin *penit
genitive *penin *peniden
*penejiden
partitive *penidä *penejitä
inessive *penissä
*penihnä 		*penejissä
*penejihnä
elative *penistä *penejistä
illative *penihen *penejisen
adessive *penillä *penejillä
ablative *peniltä *penejiltä
allative *penilen
*penilek 		*penejilen
*penejilek
essive *peninä *penejinä
translative *peniksi *penejiksi
instructive *penin *penejin
comitative *peninek *penejinek
abessive *penittä *penejittä

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Estonian: peni
  • Finnish: peni
  • Livonian: pi’ņ, (Salaca) pinn, pin
  • Võro: pini
  • Votic: (Jõgõperä) peni

References

  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “peni”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
  2. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*peni”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[2] (in Finnish)
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