Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/polttadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Most likely equivalent to *paladak (“to burn”) + *-ttadak, but the vocalism requires an older derivative: *pala-kta- ~ *pale-kta- > *paalë-kta- > *poolë-kta- > *poltta-. Note also Proto-Samic *poaltētēk, which would derive from an earlier *polta-, and Erzya пултамс (pultams), also from earlier *pol(e)-(k)ta-. The Estonian-Votic *polëtta- probably cannot be an archaism, because the long vowel would have remained phonotactically valid (**poolëtta-); its exact nature is uncertain.
Verb
*polttadak (stem *poltta-)[1]
- (transitive) to burn
Conjugation
Inflection of *polttadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *polt'an | *polt'ëin | — | *polttagon |
| 2nd sing. | *polt'at | *polt'ëit | *polt'ak | *polttagos |
| 3rd sing. | *polttabi *poltta |
*polttëi | *polttagasën | *polttagosën |
| 1st plur. | *polt'akmëk *polt'akmak |
*polttëimëk *polttëimak |
*polttagatëmëk *polttagatamak |
*polttagotëmëk *polttagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *polt'aktëk *polt'aktak |
*polttëidëk *polttëidak |
*polttagatë *polttagata |
*polttagot'ëk *polttagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *polttabat *poltta |
*polttëi | *polttagasën | *polttagosën |
| passive | *polt'aksën *polt'at'aksën |
*polttadisën *polt'attisën |
*polttadakahën *polt'attakahën |
*polttadakohën *polt'attakohën |
| connegative | *polt'ak | — | *polttagak | *polttagok |
| passive connegative | *polt'aktak | — | *polttadagak *polt'attagak |
*polttadagok *polt'attagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *polt'akcin | *polttëicin | *polttanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *polt'akcit | *polttëicit | *polttanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *polt'akci | *polttëici | *polttani | |
| 1st plur. | *polt'akcimëk *polt'akcimak |
*polttëicimëk *polttëicimak |
*polttanëmëk *polttanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *polt'akcidëk *polt'akcidak |
*polttëicidëk *polttëicidak |
*polttanëdëk *polttanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *polt'akci | *polttëici | *polttani | |
| passive | *polttadakcihën *polt'at'akcihën |
*polttadicihën *polt'atticihën |
*polttadanëhën *polt'attanëhën | |
| connegative | *polt'akcik | *polttëicik | *polttanëk | |
| passive connegative | *polttadakcik *polt'at'akcik |
*polttadicik *polt'atticik |
*polttadanëk *polt'attanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *polttadak | present | *polttaba | *polttadapa *polt'attapa |
| infinitive 2 | *polttadë- | past | *polttanut | *polttadu *polt'attu |
| gerund/supine | *polttama | negative | *polttamat'oin | |
| action noun | *polttaminen | |||
Descendants
From *polëttadak, delabialized to *pëlëttadak:
See also
- Livonian palātõ (parallel derivative)
References
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004), Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN