Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/tammi
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Permic *tamme, possibly from a substrate from the pre-Uralic languages of the Volga.[1] Cognate with Erzya тумо (tumo), Moksha тума (tuma) and Eastern Mari тумо (tumo).
Noun
*tammi[2]
- oak (tree)
Inflection
Inflection of *tammi
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *tammi | *tammët | |
| accusative | *tammën | *tammët | |
| genitive | *tammën | *tammëdën *tammidën | |
| partitive | *tammëda | *tammida | |
| inessive | *tammëssa *tammëhna |
*tammissa *tammihna | |
| elative | *tammësta | *tammista | |
| illative | *tammëhën | *tammihën | |
| adessive | *tammëlla | *tammilla | |
| ablative | *tammëlta | *tammilta | |
| allative | *tammëlën *tammëlëk |
*tammilën *tammilëk | |
| essive | *tammëna | *tammina | |
| translative | *tammëksi | *tammiksi | |
| instructive | *tammën | *tammin | |
| comitative | *tammënëk | *tamminëk | |
| abessive | *tammëtta | *tammitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: tamm
- Finnish: tammi
- Ingrian: tammi
- Karelian:
- Livonian: täm, (Salaca) tamm
- Livvi: tammi
- Ludian: tamm
- Võro: tamm'
- Votic: tammi
References
- ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “tammi”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 4 August 2025
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*tammi”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “tamm”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012