Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skainijaną
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskɑi̯.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, split”), related to *skinō (“piece, shinbone”).
Verb
*skainijaną[1]
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *skainijō | *skainijaų | — | *skainijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *skainīsi | *skainijais | *skainī | *skainijasai | *skainijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *skainīþi | *skainijai | *skainijaþau | *skainijaþai | *skainijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *skainijōs | *skainijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *skainijaþiz | *skainijaiþiz | *skainijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *skainijamaz | *skainijaim | — | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *skainīþ | *skainijaiþ | *skainīþ | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *skainijanþi | *skainijain | *skainijanþau | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *skainidǭ | *skainidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *skainidēz | *skainidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *skainidē | *skainidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *skainidēdū | *skainidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *skainidēdudiz | *skainidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *skainidēdum | *skainidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *skainidēdud | *skainidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *skainidēdun | *skainidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *skainijandz | *skainidaz | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *skainijan
- Old English: sċǣnan
- Old Frisian: skēnia
- ⇒ Old High German: irskeinen
- Old Norse: skeina
Etymology 2
Possibly from *skīnaną (“to shine”) + *-janą.
Verb
*skainijaną
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *skainijō | *skainijaų | — | *skainijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *skainīsi | *skainijais | *skainī | *skainijasai | *skainijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *skainīþi | *skainijai | *skainijaþau | *skainijaþai | *skainijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *skainijōs | *skainijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *skainijaþiz | *skainijaiþiz | *skainijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *skainijamaz | *skainijaim | — | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *skainīþ | *skainijaiþ | *skainīþ | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *skainijanþi | *skainijain | *skainijanþau | *skainijanþai | *skainijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *skainidǭ | *skainidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *skainidēz | *skainidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *skainidē | *skainidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *skainidēdū | *skainidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *skainidēdudiz | *skainidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *skainidēdum | *skainidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *skainidēdud | *skainidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *skainidēdun | *skainidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *skainijandz | *skainidaz | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *skainijan
References
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*skainjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 331-332