Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃lemH-

*h₃lemH-^[1]

1. to break
2. weak, broken, soft

• *h₃lémH-t ~ *h₃lm̥H-ént (root aorist)
  • Proto-Tocharian:
    • Tocharian A: lyäm (“sat”)
    • Tocharian B: lyama (“sat”)
• *h₃lemH-ti
  • Latvian: lemt (“to decide”)
• *h₃lomH-éyeti
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lamīˀtei
    • Proto-Slavic: *lomìti (“to break”) (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃lemH-ó-s (e-grade *-ós adjective)
  • Proto-Celtic: *lemos (“soft, weak”) (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃lomH-ó-s (o-grade *-ós adjective)
  • Proto-Germanic: *lamaz (“lame; defective”) (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃lomH-io-^[2]
  • (possibly) >? Latin: lanius (“butcher”)^[2]
• *h₃lomH-(o)h₂ti
  • Latvian: lamāt (“to scold, to inveigh”)
• *h₃lm̥H-yé-ti (*-yéti present)
  • Proto-Celtic: *lamyeti (“to dare”) (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃lm̥H-ti
  • Latvian: ļimt (“to lose strength, to bend down, to fall”)

Unsorted formations:

• Latvian: aplams (“wrong, bad”)
• Latvian: lama (“a swearing; swear words} [usually used in the plural "lamas"]”)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lémešis (“plough”) (see there for further descendants)
• Ancient Greek: νωλεμέως (nōleméōs, “unceasingly; firmly”)
• Latvian: palama (“agnomen (highlighting a negative quality)”)