Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/lemos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“to break; weak, soft”).[1]

Adjective

*lemos[2]

  1. weak, soft

Inflection

O/ā-stem
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *lemos *lemou *lemoi
vocative *leme *lemou *lemoi
accusative *lemom *lemou *lemons
genitive *lemī *lemous *lemom
dative *lemūi *lemobom *lemobos
instrumental *lemū *lemobim *lemobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *lemā *lemai *lemās
vocative *lemā *lemai *lemās
accusative *lemam *lemai *lemans
genitive *lemās *lemous *lemom
dative *lemai *lemābom *lemābos
instrumental *? *lemābim *lemābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *lemom *lemou *lemā
vocative *lemom *lemou *lemā
accusative *lemom *lemou *lemā
genitive *lemī *lemous *lemom
dative *lemūi *lemobom *lemobos
instrumental *lemū *lemobim *lemobis
Declension of the comparative
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *lemyūs *? *lemyoses
vocative *lemyūs *? *lemyoses
accusative *lemyosam *? *lemyosans
genitive *lemisos *? *lemisom
dative *lemisei *? *lemisbos
instrumental *lemisī *? *lemisbis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *lemyūs *? *lemyoses
vocative *lemyūs *? *lemyoses
accusative *lemyosam *? *lemyosans
genitive *lemisos *? *lemisom
dative *lemisei *? *lemisbos
instrumental *lemisī *? *lemisbis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *lemis *? *?
vocative *lemis *? *?
accusative *lemis *? *?
genitive *lemisos *? *lemisom
dative *lemisei *? *lemisbos
instrumental *lemisī *? *lemisbis

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: lem
    • Irish: leamh
    • Scottish Gaelic: leamh

References

  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “llefrith”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. ^ James, Alan G. (2020), The Brittonic Language in the Old North - A Guide to the Place-Name Evidence‎[1], volume 2, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies, page 179
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