Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ml̥dús
Proto-Indo-European
Alternative forms
- *moldus, *moldos
Etymology
From *(s)meld- (“to soften”).
Adjective
Inflection
| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *ml̥dús | *ml̥déwih₂ | |
| genitive | *ml̥déws | *ml̥duyéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ml̥dús | *ml̥dúh₁(e) | *ml̥dúes |
| vocative | *ml̥dú | *ml̥dúh₁(e) | *ml̥dúes |
| accusative | *ml̥dúm | *ml̥dúh₁(e) | *ml̥dúms |
| genitive | *ml̥déws | *? | *ml̥déwoHom |
| ablative | *ml̥déws | *? | *ml̥déwmos, *ml̥déwbʰos |
| dative | *ml̥déwey | *? | *ml̥déwmos, *ml̥déwbʰos |
| locative | *ml̥déw, *ml̥déwi | *? | *ml̥déwsu |
| instrumental | *ml̥déwh₁ | *? | *ml̥déwmis, *ml̥déwbʰis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ml̥déwih₂ | *ml̥déwih₂h₁(e) | *ml̥déwih₂es |
| vocative | *ml̥déwih₂ | *ml̥déwih₂h₁(e) | *ml̥déwih₂es |
| accusative | *ml̥déwih₂m̥ | *ml̥déwih₂h₁(e) | *ml̥déwih₂m̥s |
| genitive | *ml̥duyéh₂s | *? | *ml̥duyéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *ml̥duyéh₂s | *? | *ml̥duyéh₂mos, *ml̥duyéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *ml̥duyéh₂ey | *? | *ml̥duyéh₂mos, *ml̥duyéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *ml̥duyéh₂, *ml̥duyéh₂i | *? | *ml̥duyéh₂su |
| instrumental | *ml̥duyéh₂h₁ | *? | *ml̥duyéh₂mis, *ml̥duyéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ml̥dú | *ml̥dúyh₁ | *ml̥dúh₂ |
| vocative | *ml̥dú | *ml̥dúyh₁ | *ml̥dúh₂ |
| accusative | *ml̥dú | *ml̥dúyh₁ | *ml̥dúh₂ |
| genitive | *ml̥déws | *? | *ml̥déwoHom |
| ablative | *ml̥déws | *? | *ml̥déwmos, *ml̥déwbʰos |
| dative | *ml̥déwey | *? | *ml̥déwmos, *ml̥déwbʰos |
| locative | *ml̥déw, *ml̥déwi | *? | *ml̥déwsu |
| instrumental | *ml̥déwh₁ | *? | *ml̥déwmis, *ml̥déwbʰis |
Descendants
- Proto-Armenian:
- >? Proto-Germanic: *mildijaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic:[6]
- Proto-Italic: *moldus[7]
- Latin: mollis (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mr̥dúš (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Lucien van Beek (2022), The Reflexes of Syllabic Liquids in Ancient Greek: Linguistic Prehistory of the Greek Dialects and Homeric Kunstsprache[1], Brill, , →ISBN, pages 173-175: “*ml̥d-ú-”
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 95: “*ml̥dú-”
- ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 482-5
- ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 461
- ^ Viredaz, Rémy (2003), “The Great Armenian Puzzle is not Thorny”, in Annual of Armenian linguistics[2], numbers 22-23, page 64
- ^ Robert Stephen Paul Beekes (25 October 2012), The Development of the Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals in Greek[3], Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 42
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “mollis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 386: “PIt. *moldu-(i-)”