Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pewH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Alternative reconstructions

    Root

    *pewH-[2][3][4][5][6]

    1. to be clean, pure

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewH- (22 c, 0 e)
    • *péwH-e-ti (thematic present)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *páwHati
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *páwHati
          • Sanskrit: पवते (pávate)
    • *pu-né-H-ti ~ *pu-n-H-énti (nasal-infix present)[5]
    • *powH-éye-ti (“to purify, to clean”, éye-causative)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pawHáyati
      • Proto-Germanic: *fawjaną (see there for further descendants)
    • *pḗwH-s-t ~ *péwH-s-n̥t (s-aorist)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HápāwHšt
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HápāwHṣṭ
          • Sanskrit: अपविष्ट (ápaviṣṭa), अपाविषुर् (ápāviṣur)
    • *pewH-ó-s
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pawHás
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pawHás
          • Sanskrit: पव (pavá)
    • *pewH-eno-s[7]
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pawHanas
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pawHanas
    • *puH-ró-s[6]
      • Proto-Celtic: *ɸūros (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *pūros[8]
        • Latin: pūrus (see there for further descendants)
    • *puH-tó-s[6]
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *puHtás
        • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *puHtás
          • Sanskrit: पूत (pūtá)
            • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀧𑀽𑀅 (pūa)
        • → Proto-Finnic: *puhtas (“clean”)[7] (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *putos[9]
        • Latin: putus
          • ⇒ Latin: putō (see there for further descendants)
    • *puH-yó-s (“purifying”)[10]
      • Proto-Italic: *pwījos (see there for further descendants)

    Unsorted formations:

    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pawHākás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pawHākás
        • Sanskrit: पावक (pāvaká) (metrically पवाक (pavāká))
      • Proto-Iranian: *pawHākáh
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (pā̮, “pure”)
        • Kurdish:
          Central Kurdish: پاک (pāk)
          Northern Kurdish: pak (pāk), paqij (pāqīž)
        • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
          • Caspian:
          • Old Median:
          • Zaza-Gorani:
          • Parthian: (/⁠pawāg⁠/, “pure; holy”)
            Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫇𐫀𐫃 (pwʾg)
            • → Classical Persian: پاو (pāw, “pure; clean”)
        • Middle Persian: (/⁠pāk⁠/, “pure; clean; free; holy”)
          Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫐 (pʾk), 𐫛𐫀𐫞 (pʾq)
          Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pʾk'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (DKYA)
          • Persian: پاک (pâk) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pawara or *pūra
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pawara or *pūra [7]
        • Northwest Pashayi: pūr (“bonfire”)
        • Shumashti: [script needed] (pōr, “burning embers”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *puHitíkas
      • Proto-Iranian: *puHitíkah
        • Avestan: 𐬞𐬏𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬐𐬀 (pūitika)
          • → Middle Persian: (/⁠Pūidīg⁠/, “Persian Gulf”)
            Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pwytyk')
        • Central Kurdish: پەتی (petî, “pure”)

    References

    1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “faujan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 132
    2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*peu̯H-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 480
    3. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “pavⁱ-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
    4. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 2378
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Michael Meier-Brügger; Matthias Fritz; Manfred Mayrhofer (2003), Indo-European Linguistics, Walter de Gruyter, page 170
    6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Zair, Nicholas (2012), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
    7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “PAV1”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[2] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 105
    8. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pūros”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 500
    9. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “puto”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 502
    10. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468
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