Reconstruction:Proto-Nakh/wir

This Proto-Nakh entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
This Proto-Nakh entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Nakh

Etymology

Uncertain. According to Klimov and Khalilov, it is a borrowing from the Georgian language. However, the authors did not provide convincing evidence. Compare with Old Georgian ვირი (viri, “donkey, ass”), Mingrelian ვირი (viri, “rat; donkey”), Ossetian уыры (wyry, “rat”), Svan ჰუ̈ლ (hül, “mule”).

According to mammalogist and paleontologist Vera Gromova, as of 1947, there is still no information about the time of the appearance of the domestic donkey in the Caucasus.[1] According to a group of scientists, as of 2020, “[c]urrent knowledge about the evolutionary history of donkeys is still incomplete due to the lack of archeological and whole-genome diversity data.” As a result of their research, they came to the conclusion that donkeys were first domesticated in North Africa, thereby confirming the classical theory of the origin of domestic donkeys.[2]

Noun

*wir (stem *war-)

  1. donkey
    Coordinate terms: *diᶰ (“horse”), *qadale (“mare”), *bHaarc̣oᶰ (“mule; hinny”), *baq̇i (“foal, colt”)

Descendants

  • Bats: ვირ class dd (vir)
  • Vainakh:
    • Chechen: вир class dd (vir)
    • Ingush: вир class jj (vir)

References

  • Abajev, V. I. (1989), Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow and Leningrad: Academy Press, page 125
  • Klimov, G. A.; Xalilov, M. Š. (2003), Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, page 239‒240

Further reading

  1. ^ Gromova, V. I. (1947), “К вопросу о первом появлении домашнего осла в Средней Азии [On the question of the first appearance of a domestic donkey in Central Asia]”, in Доклады Академии Наук СССР‎[1] (in Russian), volume LVI, number 2, Издательство Академии Наук СССР, page 191‒192
  2. ^ Wang, C.; Li, H.; Guo, Y.; et al. (2020), “Donkey genomes provide new insights into domestication and selection for coat color”, in Nature Communications‎[2], volume 11, number 6014, →DOI, →ISSN
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