Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/agïr

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/agïŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

*āgïr (per Tekin & Gülensoy)

Etymology

Şemseddin Sâmi proposes a derivation from *āg- (“to rise”) +‎ *-ïr, whence Turkish ağmak (“to descend; rise, move up”). However loss of long vowel is problematic. See potential cognates *agrïg (“pain, ache”), dialectal Turkish ağdık (“oblique; heavy”).

Adjective

*agïr

heavy
Antonyms: *yẹnik, *yeŋil, *yüŋül

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: йывӑр (jyvăr)

Oghuz:
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: ağır
    - Gagauz: aar
    - Ottoman Turkish: آغر (ağır), آغیر (ağır)
      - Turkish: ağır
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: agyr
- Salar: ağır
Kipchak:
- North Kicphak:
  - Bashkir: ауыр (awır)
  - Tatar: авыр (awır)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: ağır, avur
  - Karachay-Balkar: ауур (auur)
  - Karaim: avur
  - Kumyk: авур (awur)
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: awır
  - Kazakh: ауыр (auyr)
  - Nogai: авыр (avır)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: оор (oor)
  - Southern Altai: уур (uur)
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اَغِرْ (/⁠aɣïr⁠/)
  - Uyghur: ئېغىر (ëghir)
  - Uzbek: ogʻir
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰺 (ǧr¹ /⁠aɣïr⁠/)
- Old Uyghur: [Term?] (/⁠aɣïr⁠/)
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: ыар (ıar)
  - Yakut: ыар (ıar)
- Southe Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: аар (aar)
    - Tuvan: аар (aar)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Chulym: ар (ar), аар (aar)
    - Khakas: аар (aar)
    - Northern Altai: аар (aar)
    - Shor: аар (aar)

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972), “ağır”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page ağır of 88-89
Räsänen, Martti (1969), Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 8
Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 338-339
Sevortjan, E. V. (1974), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, pages 85-87
Gülensoy, Tuncer (2007), “Proto-Turkic/agïr”, in Türkiye Türkcesindeki Türkçe Sözcüklerin Köken Bilgisi Sözlüğü (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, pages 53-54