Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tẹ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *te (“that”), Proto-Tungusic *ta- (“that”), Proto-Uralic *tä (“that”). Compare also modern Mongolian тэр (ter) and Evenki тар (tar). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Some of the descendants point to a derivation *tẹ +‎ *-ki. The reasoning for rounding in some forms is uncertain.

Pronoun

*tẹ

  1. that
    Synonym: *ol (“he, she, it; that”)

Noun

*tẹ

  1. (Oghuz) piece

Declension

Declension of *tẹ
(pronominal-n declension)
singular
nominative *tẹ
accusative *tẹni
genitive *tẹniŋ
dative *tẹŋe
locative *tẹnte
ablative *tẹnten
allative 1) *tẹŋerü
instrumental 1) *tẹn
equative 1) *tẹnče
similative 1) *tẹnleyü
comitative 1) *tẹnligü
1) The original allative, instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.

Descendants

  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: те (te)
  • Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: tikə (“piece”)
      • Gagauz: te (“Here!”), tekä (“a piece of the plow”)
      • Ottoman Turkish: تكه تكه (tike tike), ديكه ديكه (dike dike)
        • Turkish: (dialectal) te (“Here!”), (dialectal) tike (“piece”)
    • Salar: tiga (“piece”)
    • Turkmen: tike (“piece”)
  • Kipchak:
      • Cuman: [script needed] (tigi)
      • North Kipchak:
      • South Kipchak:
        • Kazakh: [script needed] (tigi) (dialectal)
        • East Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan Turkic:
        • Tofa: тээ (tee)
        • Tuvan: дөө (döö)
      • Yeniseian Turkic:

References

  • Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*ti-(kü)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969), Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 479
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