Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/ɢejm

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *qVm, *χVm (per Starostin 1994-2005)[1]
  • *qim, *qem (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *qajxm (for Proto-Ketic, per Fortscue-Vajda 2022)
  • *qʰ?im (per Cologne group (2023? &) 2024. Pattern: q.1?-m.1)

Etymology

Composed of *ɢej (“big, large”) +‎ *-m (feminine noun class marker).

Arin terms that feature the supposed stem *qamal is in reality a fossilized compound of *ɢejm (“big, large”) + *atɬ (“half, pair; partner”).

Noun

*ɢejm (plural *ɢejm-Vn)

  1. (sociology) woman, female human being

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: b-giːm (“my wife”) (M., W., VW.), kɨm (“wife”) (Ad.)
    • Ostyak Yug: da-xaim (“his wife”) (M.)
      • Yug: хем (χɛ̄m), хим (χim)
  • Arinic:
    • ⇒ Old Arin: *atɨ-qam (“lively woman”, anthroponym, literally “alive-woman”)[4]
      • >? Xiongnu: Άτακάμ (Atakám, Hunnic given name)
        • → English: Atakam (learned)
  • Proto-Arinic: *qam-aλ ~ -aλte (“wife”, literally “woman-partner”)
    • ⇒ Arin: kemel'a (H.)
      • ⇒ Arin: kemel'atalpalti (“girl”, literally “woman-child”) (H.)
    • ⇒ Arin: bɨ-qamálte (M.), bi-qamálte (W.), bi-qamal (“my wife”) (VW.)
    • ⇒? Arin: kek-melte (“wife”) (H.)
  • Pumpokolic:
    • ⇒ Pumpokol: ilsém (W.), ilzem (VW.), ilsèm (“wife”) (M.)

See also

  • Proto-Yeniseian entry guidelines § Bibliography

References

  1. ^ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=581&root=config
  2. ^ Werner, Heinrich (2002), “ӄим (ж) [мн. ӄимн]”, in Словарь кетско-русский и русско-кетский: Учебное пособие для учащихся начальной школы‎[1], 2 edition, Saint-Petersburg: Drofa, →ISBN, page 56
  3. ^ Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), “qīm”, in Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, pages 293-294
  4. ^ Bonmann, Svenja; Fries, Simon (2025), “Linguistic Evidence Suggests That Xiōng-nú and Huns Spoke the Same Paleo-Siberian Language”, in Transactions of the Philological Society‎[2], volume 0, →DOI, page 16 of 1-24

Further reading

  • Hill, Eugen; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Svenja, Bonmann (2024), “'woman, wife'f”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[3], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 269 of 216-293
  • Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 271
  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*qim/*qem”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 2, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 666
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “¹qiˑm”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 90
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005), “wife, woman”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 333, 334
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.