astuda

Estonian

Verb

astuda

  1. Da-infinitive of astuma.

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *astudak.

Verb

astuda.

  1. to go (on foot)
  2. to step (move on a feet)

Conjugation

Conjugation of astuda (type I-4/kuluda, no gradation)
Indicative
Present Perfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular astun en astu 1st singular olen astunu en ole astunu
2nd singular astud ed astu 2nd singular oled astunu ed ole astunu
3rd singular astuu ei astu 3rd singular on astunu ei ole astunu
1st plural astumme emme astugoi 1st plural olemme astunu emme olgoi astunu
2nd plural astutte ette astugoi 2nd plural olette astunu ette olgoi astunu
3rd plural astutah ei astuta 3rd plural oldah astuttu ei olda astuttu
Imperfect Pluperfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular astuin en astunu 1st singular olin astunu en olnu astunu
2nd singular astuid ed astunu 2nd singular olid astunu ed olnu astunu
3rd singular astui ei astunu 3rd singular oli astunu ei olnu astunu
1st plural astuimme emme astuttu 1st plural olimme astunu emme olnu astunu
2nd plural astuitte ette astuttu 2nd plural olitte astunu ette olnu astunu
3rd plural astuttih ei astuttu 3rd plural oldih astuttu ei oldu astuttu
Conditional
Present Perfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular astuižin en astuiž 1st singular oližin astunu en oliž astunu
2nd singular astuižid ed astuiž 2nd singular oližid astunu ed oliž astunu
3rd singular astuiž ei astuiž 3rd singular oliž astunu ei oliž astunu
1st plural astuižimme emme astuiž 1st plural oližimme astunu emme oliž astunu
2nd plural astuižitte ette astuiž 2nd plural oližitte astunu ette oliž astunu
3rd plural astutaiž ei astutaiž 3rd plural oldaiž astuttu ei oldaiž astuttu
Imperfect Pluperfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular astunuižin en astunuiž 1st singular olnuižin astunu en olnuiž astunu
2nd singular astunuižid ed astunuiž 2nd singular olnuižid astunu ed olnuiž astunu
3rd singular astunuiž ei astunuiž 3rd singular olnuiž astunu ei olnuiž astunu
1st plural astunuižimme emme astunuiž 1st plural olnuižimme astunu emme olnuiž astunu
2nd plural astunuižitte ette astunuiž 2nd plural olnuižitte astunu ette olnuiž astunu
3rd plural astuttanuiž ei astuttanuiž 3rd plural oldanuiž astuttu ei oldanuiž astuttu
Imperative
Present
positive negative
1st singular — —
2nd singular astu ala astu
3rd singular astugah algah astugoi
1st plural astugam algam astugoi
2nd plural astugat algat astugoi
3rd plural astutagah aldagah astugoi
Potential
Present Perfect
positive negative positive negative
1st singular astunen en astune 1st singular lienen astunu en liene astunu
2nd singular astuned ed astune 2nd singular liened astunu ed liene astunu
3rd singular astunou ei astune 3rd singular lienou astunu ei liene astunu
1st plural astunemme emme astune 1st plural lienemme astunu emme liekoi astunu
2nd plural astunette ette astune 2nd plural lienette astunu ette liekoi astunu
3rd plural astuttaneh ei astuttane 3rd plural lietah astuttu ei liekoi astuttu
Nominal forms
Infinitives Participles
active passive
I astuda present astuj astuttav
II inessive astudes past astunu astuttu
essive astuden
III illative astumah
inessive astumas
elative astumaspiä
adessive astumal
abessive astumata

References

  • M. Pahomov (2022), Lüüdi-venän, venä-lüüdin sanakirdʹ‎[1], Helsinki: Lüüdilaine Siebr, →ISBN
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