hurten

German

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Germany):(file)

Verb

hurten

  1. inflection of huren:
    1. first/third-person plural preterite
    2. first/third-person plural subjunctive II

Middle English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Usually taken to be an early borrowing from Old Northern French hurter, of disputed origin (with Old French /y/ thus developing like Old English /y/),[1][2] but possibly instead from an Old English *hyrtan. In any case, equivalent to hurt +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhɛrtən/, /ˈhirtən/, /ˈhurtən/

Verb

hurten (third-person singular simple present hurteth, present participle hurtynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative hurte, past participle hurt)

  1. To hurt (cause an injury or disease)
  2. To injure; to cause harm or trouble for:
    1. To wound emotionally; to distress.
    2. To spiritually damage or hurt.
    3. To ruin or worsen; to make damaged or worse.
  3. To trip or fall over; to make a misstep.
  4. To strike, hurl or bump against; to launch into.
  5. To strike or knock down; to cause to fall.

Conjugation

Conjugation of hurten (weak in -te/-ed)
infinitive (to) hurten, hurte
present tense past tense
1st-person singular hurte hurte, hurted
2nd-person singular hurtest hurtest, hurtedest
3rd-person singular hurteth hurte, hurted
subjunctive singular hurte
imperative singular —
plural1 hurten, hurte hurten, hurte, hurteden, hurtede
imperative plural hurteth, hurte —
participles hurtynge, hurtende hurt, hurted, yhurt

1 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

  • English: hurt
  • Scots: hurt

References

  1. ^ “hurten, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. ^ Brunner, Karl (1963), Grahame Johnson, transl., An Outline of Middle English Grammar‎[1], Oxford: Basil Blackwell, translation of Abriss der mittelenglischen Grammatik (in German), →ISBN, →OCLC, § 22, page 29; reprinted 1965.

Spanish

Verb

hurten

  1. inflection of hurtar:
    1. third-person plural present subjunctive
    2. third-person plural imperative

Welsh

Etymology

hurt (“obtuse, silly”) +‎ -en

Pronunciation

Noun

hurten m (plural hurtynnod or hurtynion, masculine hurtyn, not mutable)

  1. (female) scatterbrain, blockhead

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hurten”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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