ingreimm

Old Irish

Alternative forms

ingraim, ingrim

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *eni- + *greid- + *-sman.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈinʲ.ɣʲɾʲəmʲ/
- (Blasse) [ˈinʲ.ɣʲɾʲɪmʲ]
- (Griffith) [ˈinʲ.ɣʲɾʲɨmʲ]

Noun

ingreimm n (genitive ingr(a)imme)

verbal noun of in·greinn
persecution
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 20^c21
  Is dó da·gníat: maith leu indocbál apstal doib et ní fodmat ingreimm ar chroich Críst.
  It is for this they do it: they like to have the glory of apostles, and they do not endure persecution for the cross of Christ.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 77^a12
  Air du·roimnibetar mo popuil-se a rrecht dia n‑uilemarbae-siu a náimtea .i. mani bé nech fris·chomarr doïbsom ⁊ ⟨du⟩da·imchomarr dia chomalnad tri fochaidi ⁊ ingraimmen.
  For my peoples will forget their law if you sg kill all their enemies, i.e. if there is no one who will hurt them and constrain them to fulfill it through tribulations and persecutions.

Declension

Neuter n-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ingreimm^N, ingraim^N, ingrim^N	ingreimm^N, ingraim^N, ingrim^N	ingreimmen^L, ingremmen^N, ingramman^N, ingraimmen^N
vocative	ingreimm^N, ingraim^N, ingrim^N	ingreimm^N, ingraim^N, ingrim^N	ingreimmen^L, ingremmen^N, ingramman^N, ingraimmen^N
accusative	ingreimm^N, ingraim^N, ingrim^N	ingreimm^N, ingraim^N, ingrim^N	ingreimmen^L, ingremmen^N, ingramman^N, ingraimmen^N
genitive	ingreimme, ingr(a)imme	ingreimmen^N, ingremmen^N, ingramman^N, ingraimmen^N	ingreimmen^N, ingremmen^N, ingramman^N, ingraimmen^N
dative	ingreimmim^L, ingr(a)immim^L, ingr(a)im^L	ingreimmenaib, ingrammanaib	ingreimmenaib, ingrammanaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Irish: inghreim

Mutation

Mutation of *ingreimm*
radical	lenition	nasalization
ingreimm (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	ingreimm	n-ingreimm

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012), Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, pages 225-226

Further reading

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ingreimm, ingraimm, ingrimm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language