viruda
Ludian
Verb
viruda
- to lie around, to wallow
Conjugation
| Conjugation of viruda (type I-4/kuluda, no gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | virun | en viru | 1st singular | olen virunu | en ole virunu |
| 2nd singular | virud | ed viru | 2nd singular | oled virunu | ed ole virunu |
| 3rd singular | viruu | ei viru | 3rd singular | on virunu | ei ole virunu |
| 1st plural | virumme | emme virugoi | 1st plural | olemme virunu | emme olgoi virunu |
| 2nd plural | virutte | ette virugoi | 2nd plural | olette virunu | ette olgoi virunu |
| 3rd plural | virutah | ei viruta | 3rd plural | oldah viruttu | ei olda viruttu |
| Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | viruin | en virunu | 1st singular | olin virunu | en olnu virunu |
| 2nd singular | viruid | ed virunu | 2nd singular | olid virunu | ed olnu virunu |
| 3rd singular | virui | ei virunu | 3rd singular | oli virunu | ei olnu virunu |
| 1st plural | viruimme | emme viruttu | 1st plural | olimme virunu | emme olnu virunu |
| 2nd plural | viruitte | ette viruttu | 2nd plural | olitte virunu | ette olnu virunu |
| 3rd plural | viruttih | ei viruttu | 3rd plural | oldih viruttu | ei oldu viruttu |
| Conditional | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | viruižin | en viruiž | 1st singular | oližin virunu | en oliž virunu |
| 2nd singular | viruižid | ed viruiž | 2nd singular | oližid virunu | ed oliž virunu |
| 3rd singular | viruiž | ei viruiž | 3rd singular | oliž virunu | ei oliž virunu |
| 1st plural | viruižimme | emme viruiž | 1st plural | oližimme virunu | emme oliž virunu |
| 2nd plural | viruižitte | ette viruiž | 2nd plural | oližitte virunu | ette oliž virunu |
| 3rd plural | virutaiž | ei virutaiž | 3rd plural | oldaiž viruttu | ei oldaiž viruttu |
| Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | virunuižin | en virunuiž | 1st singular | olnuižin virunu | en olnuiž virunu |
| 2nd singular | virunuižid | ed virunuiž | 2nd singular | olnuižid virunu | ed olnuiž virunu |
| 3rd singular | virunuiž | ei virunuiž | 3rd singular | olnuiž virunu | ei olnuiž virunu |
| 1st plural | virunuižimme | emme virunuiž | 1st plural | olnuižimme virunu | emme olnuiž virunu |
| 2nd plural | virunuižitte | ette virunuiž | 2nd plural | olnuižitte virunu | ette olnuiž virunu |
| 3rd plural | viruttanuiž | ei viruttanuiž | 3rd plural | oldanuiž viruttu | ei oldanuiž viruttu |
| Imperative | |||||
| Present | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | — | — | |||
| 2nd singular | viru | ala viru | |||
| 3rd singular | virugah | algah virugoi | |||
| 1st plural | virugam | algam virugoi | |||
| 2nd plural | virugat | algat virugoi | |||
| 3rd plural | virutagah | aldagah virugoi | |||
| Potential | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | virunen | en virune | 1st singular | lienen virunu | en liene virunu |
| 2nd singular | viruned | ed virune | 2nd singular | liened virunu | ed liene virunu |
| 3rd singular | virunou | ei virune | 3rd singular | lienou virunu | ei liene virunu |
| 1st plural | virunemme | emme virune | 1st plural | lienemme virunu | emme liekoi virunu |
| 2nd plural | virunette | ette virune | 2nd plural | lienette virunu | ette liekoi virunu |
| 3rd plural | viruttaneh | ei viruttane | 3rd plural | lietah viruttu | ei liekoi viruttu |
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitives | Participles | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| I | viruda | present | viruj | viruttav | |
| II | inessive | virudes | past | virunu | viruttu |
| essive | viruden | ||||
| III | illative | virumah | |||
| inessive | virumas | ||||
| elative | virumaspiä | ||||
| adessive | virumal | ||||
| abessive | virumata | ||||
References
- M. Pahomov (2022), Lüüdi-venän, venä-lüüdin sanakirdʹ[1], Helsinki: Lüüdilaine Siebr, →ISBN
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *virudak. Cognates include Finnish virua.
Verb
viruda
- be bed-ridden
Inflection
| Inflection of viruda (inflection type 1/ujuda) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st infinitive | viruda | ||
| present indic. | virub | ||
| past indic. | virui | ||
| present indicative |
past indicative |
imperative | |
| 1st singular | virun | viruin | — |
| 2nd singular | virud | viruid | viru |
| 3rd singular | virub | virui | virugaha |
| 1st plural | virum | viruim | virugam |
| 2nd plural | virut | viruit | virugat |
| 3rd plural | virudas viruba |
viruiba | virugaha |
| sing. conneg.1 | viru | virund | viru |
| plur. conneg. | virugoi | virunugoi | virugoi |
| present conditional |
past conditional |
potential | |
| 1st singular | viruižin | virunuižin | virunen |
| 2nd singular | viruižid | virunuižid | viruned |
| 3rd singular | viruiži | virunuiži | viruneb |
| 1st plural | viruižim | virunuižim | virunem |
| 2nd plural | viruižit | virunuižit | virunet |
| 3rd plural | viruižiba | virunuižiba | viruneba |
| connegative | viruiži | virunuiži | virune |
| non-finite forms | |||
| 1st infinitive | viruda | ||
| 2nd infinitive | 3rd infinitive | ||
| inessive | virudes | inessive | virumas |
| instructive | viruden | illative | virumaha |
| participles | elative | virumaspäi | |
| present active | virui | adessive | virumal |
| past active | virunu | abessive | virumat |
| past passive | virudud | ||
| 1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons. | |||