ते

See also: , तू, तॄ, ती, तो, and त्या

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘝𑘹𑘽 (teṃ), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀢 (ta), from Sanskrit तत् (tat).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t̪e/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ते
  • Rhymes: -e

Pronoun

ते • (te) (demonstrative)

  1. that
    ते घर माझे आहे.te ghar mājhe āhe.That house is mine.
  2. those
    ते लोक कोण आहेत?te lok koṇ āhet?Who are those people?
  3. he, it
    Synonym: तो (to)
    ते माझे वडील आहेत.te mājhe vaḍīl āhet.He is my father.
    मी चुकून ते तोडले.mī cukūn te toḍle.I broke it by mistake.
  4. they
    ते शाळेत जात आहेत.te śāḷet jāt āhet.They are going to school.

Usage notes

ते (te) is the colloquial distal demonstrative pronoun. It is grammatically both singular and plural and it can be used with both the third person singular and third person plural conjugations. In third person singular, ते (te, he) denotes a respectful form of address, used to refer to someone elder or an unknown, while तो (to, he) is used to refer to someone closer to one's age or someone familiar.

References

  • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “ते”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “तें”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
  • Shankar Gopal Tulpule; Anne Feldhaus (1999), “तें”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

Pali

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

Adjective

ते

  1. Devanagari script form of te, which is masculine nominative/accusative plural of (ta, those)

Pronoun

ते

  1. Devanagari script form of te, which is nominative/accusative plural of (ta, they, them)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

ते

  1. Devanagari script form of te, which is instrumental/genitive/dative singular of त्वं (tvaṃ, you)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tay,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *toy. Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬙𐬋𐬌 (tōi), Old Persian [Term?] (/⁠-taiy⁠/).[2]

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ते • (te)

  1. dative/genitive singular of त्वद् (tvad, you)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ते • (m

  1. nominative plural of (, he)

Pronoun

ते • (f

  1. nominative/accusative dual of सा (sā́, she)

Pronoun

ते • (n

  1. nominative/accusative dual of तद् (tád, it)

References

  1. ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2017–2018), “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Indo-Iranian, page 1904
  2. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 809