雨
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Translingual
| Traditional | 雨 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 雨 |
| Japanese | 雨 |
| Korean | 雨 |
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Alternative forms
- In mainland China, Japan, and Korea, the inner dots of the character are written as ⿰⺀⺀, which is the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
- In Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Vietnam, the inner dots of the character are written as 冫 and its mirror image ⿱㇀丶.
- When this character is used as an upper radical component, the form is different depending on the script used.
- For Ming typeface (明體/明朝体):
- In mainland China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, the radical component resembles ⻗ (
U+2ED7) with four horizontal lines which is also the historical form used in the Kangxi dictionary. - In Taiwan and Hong Kong, the radical component resembles the character itself (with 冫 and its mirror image) but the lower right hook of 冂 is omitted.
- In mainland China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, the radical component resembles ⻗ (
- For regular script (楷書):
- For Ming typeface (明體/明朝体):
Han character
雨 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 一中月卜 (MLBY), four-corner 10227, composition ⿻帀⿰⺀⺀(GJK) or ⿱一𠕒(HTV))
- Kangxi radical #173, ⾬.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/雨
- 𠉴, 𫰺, 𢮳, 𣷌, 𮞛, 𣍾, 𣔯, 𫋃, 𨂎, 𫒧, 𩗿, 𬵗, 𨜄, 𪂕
- 霏, 𠭍, 𨗒, 𧌙, 𨗒, 䬠, 𩳧, 𩄮, 𧓑, 𡸹, 𦲸, 𣾙, 屚, 𢉀, 𪋉
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1371, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42210
- Dae Jaweon: page 1878, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4057, character 1
- Unihan data for U+96E8
Further reading
Chinese
| trad. | 雨 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 雨 | |
| 2nd round simp. | ⿻丅⿵冂⿰丶丶 | |
| alternative forms | 㲾 𠕒 𠕘 𠕲 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 雨 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) – a cloud with drops of rain falling from it. The horizontal stroke at the top was added later. (Compare Egyptian 𓇲.)
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k/r/s-wa.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): y3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): y2
- Northern Min (KCR): hṳ̄ / ṳ̀
- Eastern Min (BUC): huô / ṳ̄
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hou5 / hoo5 / y3 / u3 / i3
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): jyu5
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yǔ
- Zhuyin: ㄩˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǔ
- Wade–Giles: yü3
- Yale: yǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yu3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: y
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: yù
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: yǔ
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): yu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /y¹¹/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Jyutping: jyu5
- Yale: yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy5
- Guangdong Romanization: yu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː¹³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: jyu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /zyu¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ji²¹/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: ji2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ji²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yí
- Hakka Romanization System: iˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi3
- Sinological IPA: /i³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yí
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi3
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: rhiˊ
- Sinological IPA: /ʒi²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: yi3
- Sinological IPA: /i³¹/
- (Changting)
- Changting Pinyin: yi3
- Sinological IPA: /i⁴²/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hṳ̄ / ṳ̀
- Sinological IPA (key): /xy⁵⁵/, /y⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- hṳ̄ - vernacular;
- ṳ̀ - literary.
- huô - vernacular;
- ṳ̄ - literary.
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hou5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hō
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔu¹¹/
- (Jiangkou, Donghai)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hou¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔu²¹/
- (Youyang, Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hou5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hou²¹/
- (Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: hoo5
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔ¹¹/
- (Putian, Jiangkou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: y3
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ṳ̂
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: y3
- Sinological IPA (key): /y³³²/
- (Nanri)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: u3
- Sinological IPA (key): /u⁴⁵³/
- (Donghai)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: i3
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁴⁵³/
- (Fengting)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: i3
- Sinological IPA (key): /i³³²/
- (Putian)
- hou5/hoo5 - vernacular;
- y3/u3/i3 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, Yongchun, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Penang, Singapore, Klang, Medan)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Lukang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: hǒo
- IPA (Quanzhou, Nan'an, Hui'an): /hɔ²²/
- IPA (Jinjiang, Lukang, Philippines): /hɔ³³/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǔ
- Tâi-lô: hǔ
- IPA (Longyan): /hu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, Longyan, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í
- Tâi-lô: í
- Phofsit Daibuun: ie
- IPA (Longyan): /i²¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, Taipei): /i⁵³/
- hō͘/hǒ͘/hǔ - vernacular;
- ú/í - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hou6 / u2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŏu / ú
- Sinological IPA (key): /hou³⁵/, /u⁵²/
- hou6 - vernacular;
- u2 - literary.
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: heu6
- Sinological IPA: /hɛu³³/
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: jyu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /jy²⁴/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Suzhou, Ningbo)
- (Northern: Jiading)
- Wugniu: 6yi
- MiniDict: yi去
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /ɦi¹³/
- (Northern: Chongming, Haining)
- (Northern: Songjiang, Chongming, Chuansha, Yixing, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Zhoushan)
- (Northern: Changzhou)
- Wugniu: 3yu
- MiniDict: yu上
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /ɦy⁴⁵/
- (Northern: Tongxiang, Deqing)
- (Northern: Jiaxing, Haiyan, Hangzhou)
- (Northern: Cixi)
- Wugniu: 2yu
- Sinological IPA (Cixi): /ɦy¹⁴/
- (Jinhua)
- Wugniu: 3iu
- Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /y⁵³⁵/
- Middle Chinese: hjuX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ɢʷ(r)aʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaʔ/
Definitions
雨
- rain (Classifier: 陣/阵; 場/场)
- Coordinate term: 雪 (xuě, “snow”)
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, figurative) friend
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, figurative) teaching; instruction
Synonyms
Coordinate terms
- (basic weather words shared by most dialects): 雲/云 (yún, “cloud”), 霧/雾 (wù, “fog, mist”), 風/风 (fēng, “wind”), 雨 (yǔ, “rain”), 雪 (xuě, “snow”), 電/电 (diàn, “lightning”), 雷 (léi, “thunder”), 虹 (hóng, “rainbow”)
Compounds
- 一雨成秋
- 三年不雨
- 下雨 (xiàyǔ)
- 中雨 (zhōngyǔ)
- 久旱不雨 (jiǔhànbùyǔ)
- 五風十雨 / 五风十雨 (wǔfēngshíyǔ)
- 今雨
- 催花雨
- 冒雨 (màoyǔ)
- 冒雨剪韭
- 凍雨 / 冻雨 (dòngyǔ)
- 凝雨
- 別風淮雨 / 别风淮雨 (biéfēnghuáiyǔ)
- 化雨 (huàyǔ)
- 化雨春風 / 化雨春风 (huàyǔchūnfēng)
- 十風五雨 / 十风五雨
- 及時雨 / 及时雨 (jíshíyǔ)
- 友風子雨 / 友风子雨
- 叢雨 / 丛雨
- 呼風喚雨 / 呼风唤雨 (hūfēnghuànyǔ)
- 哭雨風 / 哭雨风
- 喚雨 / 唤雨
- 喜雨 (xǐyǔ)
- 土雨
- 土雨紛紛 / 土雨纷纷
- 地形雨
- 夏雨雨人 (xiàyǔyùrén)
- 多雨 (duōyǔ)
- 夜雨對床 / 夜雨对床
- 大雨 (dàyǔ)
- 大雷雨
- 天雨花
- 宿雨
- 密雨
- 密雲不雨 / 密云不雨
- 對床風雨 / 对床风雨
- 對流雨 / 对流雨
- 尤雲殢雨 / 尤云𣨼雨
- 局部雨
- 山雨欲來 / 山雨欲来
- 巫山雲雨 / 巫山云雨 (wūshān yúnyǔ)
- 彈雨 / 弹雨
- 御史雨
- 得沾化雨
- 徵風召雨 / 征风召雨
- 懸麻雨 / 悬麻雨
- 招風惹雨 / 招风惹雨
- 掛龍雨 / 挂龙雨
- 揮汗如雨 / 挥汗如雨 (huīhànrúyǔ)
- 揮汗成雨 / 挥汗成雨
- 握雨攜雲 / 握雨携云
- 握雲攜雨 / 握云携雨
- 撥雨撩雲 / 拨雨撩云
- 撥雲撩雨 / 拨云撩雨
- 撩雲撥雨 / 撩云拨雨
- 擋雨 / 挡雨 (dǎngyǔ)
- 攜雲挈雨 / 携云挈雨
- 攜雲握雨 / 携云握雨
- 斜腳雨 / 斜脚雨
- 新雨
- 斷雨殘雲 / 断雨残云
- 旱苗得雨
- 星離雨散 / 星离雨散
- 春雨 (chūnyǔ)
- 春風化雨 / 春风化雨 (chūnfēnghuàyǔ)
- 春風夏雨 / 春风夏雨
- 春風雨露 / 春风雨露
- 時雨 / 时雨 (shíyǔ)
- 時雨春風 / 时雨春风
- 暑雨
- 晴雨計 / 晴雨计
- 暴雨 (bàoyǔ)
- 暮雨朝雲 / 暮雨朝云
- 暴風疾雨 / 暴风疾雨
- 暴風雨 / 暴风雨 (bàofēngyǔ)
- 暴風驟雨 / 暴风骤雨 (bàofēngzhòuyǔ)
- 朝雲暮雨 / 朝云暮雨
- 未雨綢繆 / 未雨绸缪 (wèiyǔchóumóu)
- 未風先雨 / 未风先雨
- 村雨
- 杏雨梨雲 / 杏雨梨云
- 梨花帶雨 / 梨花带雨 (líhuādàiyǔ)
- 梅雨 (méiyǔ)
- 榆莢雨 / 榆荚雨
- 槍林彈雨 / 枪林弹雨 (qiānglíndànyǔ)
- 櫛風沐雨 / 栉风沐雨 (zhìfēngmùyǔ)
- 歐風美雨 / 欧风美雨 (ōufēngměiyǔ)
- 殢雨尤雲 / 𣨼雨尤云
- 殢雲尤雨 / 𣨼云尤雨
- 毛毛雨
- 毛雨
- 求雨 (qiúyǔ)
- 汗下如雨
- 汗出如雨
- 汗如雨下 (hànrúyǔxià)
- 汗流如雨
- 沐雨櫛風 / 沐雨栉风
- 沛雨甘霖
- 泣下如雨
- 泣如雨下
- 沫雨
- 法雨
- 流星雨 (liúxīngyǔ)
- 淚下如雨 / 泪下如雨 (lèi xià rú yǔ)
- 淚如雨下 / 泪如雨下 (lèirúyǔxià)
- 液雨
- 淋雨
- 淫雨 (yínyǔ)
- 淒風苦雨 / 凄风苦雨
- 渴雨
- 滿城風雨 / 满城风雨 (mǎnchéngfēngyǔ)
- 漏雨
- 潑雨 / 泼雨 (Hakka, Min Nan)
- 潲雨 (shàoyǔ) (dialectal)
- 濛鬆雨 / 蒙松雨
- 瀛洲玉雨
- 瀟湘雨 / 潇湘雨
- 無雨帶 / 无雨带
- 煙蓑雨笠 / 烟蓑雨笠
- 煙雨 / 烟雨 (yānyǔ)
- 煙雨樓 / 烟雨楼
- 牽絲雨 / 牵丝雨
- 狂風驟雨 / 狂风骤雨 (kuángfēngzhòuyǔ)
- 甘雨 (gānyǔ)
- 甘雨隨車 / 甘雨随车
- 甘露法雨
- 甚雨
- 留客雨
- 疾風甚雨 / 疾风甚雨
- 疾風驟雨 / 疾风骤雨
- 白腰雨燕
- 白雨 (báiyǔ)
- 矇松雨 / 蒙松雨
- 矢下如雨
- 矢石如雨 (shǐshí rúyǔ)
- 硝煙彈雨 / 硝烟弹雨
- 礎潤而雨 / 础润而雨
- 祁寒暑雨
- 祈晴禱雨 / 祈晴祷雨
- 祈雨 (qíyǔ)
- 祈風禱雨 / 祈风祷雨
- 禱雨 / 祷雨
- 秋雨 (qiūyǔ)
- 穀雨 / 谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
- 積雨 / 积雨
- 積雨雲 / 积雨云 (jīyǔyún)
- 穴處知雨 / 穴处知雨
- 空中造雨
- 箕風畢雨 / 箕风毕雨
- 糶風賣雨 / 粜风卖雨
- 紅雨 / 红雨 (hóngyǔ)
- 細雨 / 细雨 (xìyǔ)
- 絲雨 / 丝雨
- 群雨
- 翻雲覆雨 / 翻云覆雨 (fānyúnfùyǔ)
- 腥風血雨 / 腥风血雨 (xīngfēngxuèyǔ)
- 膏雨
- 興雲作雨 / 兴云作雨
- 興雲布雨 / 兴云布雨
- 興雲致雨 / 兴云致雨
- 舊雨 / 旧雨 (jiùyǔ)
- 舊雨新知 / 旧雨新知 (jiùyǔxīnzhī)
- 苦雨
- 苦雨淒風 / 苦雨凄风
- 著雨
- 落雨 (luòyǔ)
- 血雨
- 血雨腥風 / 血雨腥风 (xuèyǔxīngfēng)
- 行雨朝雲 / 行雨朝云
- 西北雨 (xīběiyǔ)
- 覆雨翻雲 / 覆雨翻云
- 見風是雨 / 见风是雨
- 說雨談雲 / 说雨谈云
- 請雨 / 请雨
- 謀臣如雨 / 谋臣如雨
- 豪雨 (háoyǔ)
- 豪雨特報 / 豪雨特报
- 赤道雨林
- 蹅雨
- 透雨 (tòuyǔ)
- 過雲雨 / 过云雨 (guòyúnyǔ)
- 遮雨
- 避雨 (bìyǔ)
- 酸雨 (suānyǔ)
- 量雨表
- 鋤頭雨 / 锄头雨
- 防雨布 (fángyǔbù)
- 降雨 (jiàngyǔ)
- 陣雨 / 阵雨 (zhènyǔ)
- 陰雨 / 阴雨 (yīnyǔ)
- 陵雨
- 陽臺雲雨 / 阳台云雨
- 隨車雨 / 随车雨
- 雨久花
- 雨來散 / 雨来散
- 雨傘 / 雨伞 (yǔsǎn)
- 雨傘節 / 雨伞节 (yǔsǎnjié)
- 雨具 (yǔjù)
- 雨刷 (yǔshuā)
- 雨前茶 (yǔqiánchá)
- 雨勢 / 雨势
- 雨天 (yǔtiān)
- 雨字頭兒 / 雨字头儿
- 雨季 (yǔjì)
- 雨層雲 / 雨层云 (yǔcéngyún)
- 雨工
- 雨布 (yǔbù)
- 雨師 / 雨师
- 雨帽
- 雨影 (yǔyǐng)
- 雨後春筍 / 雨后春笋 (yǔhòuchūnsǔn)
- 雨打梨花
- 雨打雞 / 雨打鸡
- 雨打風吹 / 雨打风吹
- 雨散雲收 / 雨散云收
- 雨施
- 雨日
- 雨暘時若 / 雨旸时若
- 雨村曲話 / 雨村曲话
- 雨林 (yǔlín)
- 雨棚 (yǔpéng)
- 雨水 (yǔshuǐ)
- 雨沐風餐 / 雨沐风餐
- 雨澤 / 雨泽
- 雨災 / 雨灾 (yǔzāi)
- 雨無正 / 雨无正
- 雨燕 (yǔyàn)
- 雨珠兒 / 雨珠儿
- 雨約雲期 / 雨约云期
- 雨絲 / 雨丝 (yǔsī)
- 雨纓 / 雨缨
- 雨聲 / 雨声
- 雨腳 / 雨脚 (yǔjiǎo)
- 雨花石
- 雨花臺 / 雨花台 (Yǔhuātái)
- 雨蓋 / 雨盖
- 雨虎
- 雨蛙
- 雨衣 (yǔyī)
- 雨衫 (hō͘-saⁿ) (Min Nan)
- 雨過天晴 / 雨过天晴
- 雨過天青 / 雨过天青
- 雨遮 (yǔzhē)
- 雨量 (yǔliàng)
- 雨量器
- 雨集 (yǔjí)
- 雨零星散
- 雨露 (yǔlù)
- 雨露之恩
- 雨靴 (yǔxuē)
- 雨鞋 (yǔxié)
- 雨順風調 / 雨顺风调
- 雨鬚 / 雨须 (hǒ͘-chhiu / hō͘-chhiu) (Min Nan)
- 雨魄雲魂 / 雨魄云魂
- 雨點 / 雨点 (yǔdiǎn)
- 雲屯雨集 / 云屯雨集 (yúntún yǔjí)
- 雲情雨意 / 云情雨意
- 雲收雨散 / 云收雨散
- 雲消雨散 / 云消雨散
- 雲翻雨覆 / 云翻雨覆
- 雲行雨施 / 云行雨施
- 雲雨 / 云雨 (yúnyǔ)
- 雲雨之歡 / 云雨之欢
- 雲雨巫山 / 云雨巫山
- 雲雨高唐 / 云雨高唐
- 雷大雨小
- 雷陣雨 / 雷阵雨 (léizhènyǔ)
- 零雨
- 雷雨 (léiyǔ)
- 雷雨交加
- 雷雨胞
- 霉雨 (méiyǔ)
- 霖雨 (línyǔ)
- 霖雨蒼生 / 霖雨苍生
- 霜舂雨薪
- 霪雨 (yínyǔ)
- 靈雨 / 灵雨
- 風伯雨師 / 风伯雨师
- 風吹雨打 / 风吹雨打 (fēngchuīyǔdǎ)
- 風急雨驟 / 风急雨骤 (fēngjíyǔzhòu)
- 風櫛雨沐 / 风栉雨沐
- 風流雨散 / 风流雨散
- 風調雨潤 / 风调雨润
- 風調雨順 / 风调雨顺 (fēngtiáoyǔshùn)
- 風雨 / 风雨 (fēngyǔ)
- 風雨不改 / 风雨不改
- 風雨不透 / 风雨不透
- 風雨交加 / 风雨交加 (fēngyǔjiāojiā)
- 風雨同舟 / 风雨同舟 (fēngyǔtóngzhōu)
- 風雨如晦 / 风雨如晦 (fēngyǔrúhuì)
- 風雨如磐 / 风雨如磐
- 風雨對床 / 风雨对床
- 風雨時若 / 风雨时若
- 風雨晦冥 / 风雨晦冥
- 風雨淒淒 / 风雨凄凄
- 風雨無阻 / 风雨无阻
- 風雨燈 / 风雨灯 (fēngyǔdēng)
- 風雨蕭條 / 风雨萧条
- 風雨飄搖 / 风雨飘摇 (fēngyǔpiāoyáo)
- 風風雨雨 / 风风雨雨 (fēngfēngyǔyǔ)
- 風餐雨宿 / 风餐雨宿
- 風馳雨驟 / 风驰雨骤
- 風鬟雨鬢 / 风鬟雨鬓
- 飄風急雨 / 飘风急雨
- 飄風驟雨 / 飘风骤雨
- 飛雨 / 飞雨
- 餐風宿雨 / 餐风宿雨
- 餐風沐雨 / 餐风沐雨
- 驟雨 / 骤雨 (zhòuyǔ)
- 驟雨狂風 / 骤雨狂风
- 黃梅雨 / 黄梅雨
Descendants
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yù
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yù
- Wade–Giles: yü4
- Yale: yù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Jyutping: jyu6
- Yale: yuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy6
- Guangdong Romanization: yu6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong–Macau)
- Eastern Min
- Middle Chinese: hjuH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)aʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷas/
Definitions
雨
- (literary) to rain
- 雨我公田,遂及我私。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yù wǒ gōng tián, suì jí wǒ sī. [Pinyin]
- May it rain first on our public fields, and then come to our private!
- (literary, of rain, snow, tears, etc.) to fall (like rain)
- (literary) to moisten
Synonyms
Compounds
References
- “雨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: う (u, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: う (u, Jōyō)
- Kun: あめ (ame, 雨, Jōyō)、あま (ama, 雨, Jōyō †)
- Nanori: さめ (same)、ふる (furu)
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雨 |
| あめ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
⟨ame2⟩ → */aməɨ/ → /ame/
From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *amay.
Cognate with 天 (ame, unbound apophonic of ama, “sky”),[1] as in the location of clouds where water precipitates from.
Distinct from 飴 (⟨ame1⟩ → ame, “candy”).
Pronunciation
Noun
雨 • (ame)
- rain, rainfall
- 一雨ごとに春が来る ― hitoame goto ni haru ga kuru ― spring nears by each rainfall
- a rainy weather
- Synonym: 雨天 (uten)
- (figurative) something falling like rain
- (card games, hanafuda) The willow or rain suit in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of November and the number eleven in most of Japan (June and six in 虫花 (mushibana) decks, February and two in games from the Nagoya region, and December and twelve in Korea)
- Synonym: 柳 (yanagi, “willow”)
Usage notes
- In most cases, ame becomes same when it serves as the latter element of a compound. It is unclear if this leading /s/ is indicative of an earlier same, or if this was an epenthesis for euphony to avoid vowel clusters, or for other reasons. This /s/ is also seen in 青 (ao, becoming sao in old compounds) and 稲 (ine, becoming shine in old compounds). Given that this /s/ only ever appears interstitially, and given the semantics, this /s/ may be cognate with Korean interfix -ᄉ- (-s-) used to mark possession, much like English -s-.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:雨.
Derived terms
- 雨間 (amaai, “break in the rain”)
- 雨上り (ameagari)
- 雨脚, 雨足 (ameashi)
- 雨霰 (amearare)
- 雨落ち (amaochi), 雨落ち (ameochi, “raindrops fall from eaves”)
- 雨蛙 (amagaeru)
- 雨笠 (amagasa)
- 雨傘 (amagasa)
- 雨風 (amakaze), 雨風 (amekaze, “rain and wind”)
- 雨合羽 (amagappa, “raincoat”)
- 雨着 (amagi)
- 雨具 (amagu)
- 雨靴 (amagutsu)
- 雨雲 (amagumo)
- 雨曇り (amagumori, “overcast weather”)
- 雨気 (amake, “signs of rain”)
- 雨乞い (amagoi, “praying for rain”)
- 雨曝し (amazarashi, “weatherbeaten”)
- 雨支度, 雨仕度 (amajitaku, “preparation for rain”)
- 雨空 (amazora, “threatening sky”)
- 雨垂れ (amadare)
- 雨続き (ametsuzuki)
- 雨粒 (amatsubu), 雨粒 (ametsubu, “raindrop”)
- 雨露 (ametsuyu)
- 雨戸 (amado)
- 雨樋 (amadoi)
- 雨降り (amefuri, “in the rain”)
- 雨水 (amamizu)
- 雨漏り (amamori, “roof leak”)
- 雨宿り (amayadori)
- 雨止み (amayami, “break in the rain”)
- 雨避け, 雨除け (amayoke, “shelter from rain”)
- 秋雨 (akisame)
- 糸雨 (itosame)
- 大雨 (ōame)
- 樹雨 (kisame)
- 霧雨 (kirisame)
- 小雨 (kosame)
- 白雨 (shirasame)
- 長雨 (nagaame), 長雨 (nagasame)
- 俄雨 (niwakāme)
- 速雨, 暴雨 (hayasame)
- 春雨 (harusame)
- 氷雨 (hisame)
- 村雨, 群雨 (murasame)
- 藪雨 (yabusame)
- 夜雨 (yosame)
- 横雨 (yokosame)
See also
| Hanafuda suits in Japanese · 花札のスート (hanafuda no sūto) (layout · text) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1月 (ichigatsu) | 2月 (nigatsu) | 3月 (sangatsu) | 4月 (shigatsu) | 5月 (gogatsu) | 6月 (rokugatsu) |
| 松 (matsu) | 梅 (ume) | 桜 (sakura) | 藤 (fuji) 黒豆 (kuromame) |
菖蒲 (ayame, shōbu) 杜若 (kakitsubata) |
牡丹 (botan) |
| 7月 (shichigatsu) | 8月 (hachigatsu) | 9月 (kugatsu) | 10月 (jūgatsu) | 11月 (jūichigatsu) | 12月 (jūnigatsu) |
| 萩 (hagi) 赤豆 (akamame) |
芒 (susuki) 坊主 (bōzu) |
菊 (kiku) | 紅葉 (momiji) | 柳 (yanagi) 雨 (ame) |
桐 (kiri) |
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雨 |
| あま Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *amay.
A bound apophonic form only appearing in compounds. Compare the formation of 目 (ma, bound form in compounds) and 目 (me, standalone form), 手 (ta) and 手 (te), 風 (kaza) and 風 (kaze), or 酒 (saka) and 酒 (sake).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [a̠ma̠]
Noun
雨 • (ama)
- combining form of 雨 (ame, “rain”)
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 雨 |
| う Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 雨 (MC hjuX).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɯ̟]
Affix
雨 • (u)
Derived terms
See also
- レイン (rein), レーン (rēn)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “雨”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 雨 (MC hjuX).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅌᅮᆼ〯 (Yale: ngwǔ) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] | 비〮 (Yale: pí) | 우〯 (Yale: wǔ) |
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [u(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [우(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Compounds
- 우산 (雨傘, usan)
- 우박 (雨雹, ubak)
- 강우 (降雨, gang'u)
- 폭우 (暴雨, pogu)
- 우설 (雨雪, useol)
- 풍우 (風雨, pung'u)
- 뇌우 (雷雨, noe'u)
- 백우 (白雨, baegu)
- 다우 (多雨, dau)
- 산우 (山雨, sanu)
- 호우 (豪雨, hou)
- 음우 (霪雨, eumu)
- 우계 (雨季, ugye)
- 우기 (雨期, ugi)
- 우로 (雨露, uro)
- 장우 (長雨, jang'u)
- 강우 (強雨, gang'u)
- 감우 (甘雨, gamu)
- 우비 (雨備, ubi)
- 우사 (雨師, usa)
- 계우 (溪雨, gyeu)
- 자우 (慈雨, jau)
- 호우 (好雨, hou)
- 취우 (驟雨, chwiu)
- 동우 (冬雨, dong'u)
- 모우 (暮雨, mou)
- 성우 (星雨, seong'u)
- 세우 (細雨, se'u)
- 양우 (凉雨, yang'u)
- 우천 (雨天, ucheon)
- 청우 (請雨, cheong'u)
- 춘우 (春雨, chunu)
- 황우 (黃雨, hwang'u)
- 희우 (喜雨, huiu)
- 영우 (零雨, yeong'u)
- 우장 (雨裝, ujang)
- 법우 (法雨, beobu)
- 사우 (絲雨, sau)
- 우의 (雨意, uui)
- 적우 (適雨, jeogu)
- 조우 (朝雨, jou)
- 청우 (晴雨, cheong'u)
- 쾌우 (快雨, kwae'u)
- 토우 (土雨, tou)
- 하우 (下雨, hau)
- 하우 (夏雨, hau)
- 한우 (寒雨, hanu)
- 화우 (化雨, hwau)
- 괴우 (怪雨, goe'u)
- 기우 (祈雨, giu)
- 동우 (凍雨, dong'u)
- 맹우 (猛雨, maeng'u)
- 무우 (霧雨, muu)
- 미우 (微雨, miu)
- 사우 (斜雨, sau)
- 우태 (雨態, utae)
- 잔우 (殘雨, janu)
- 적우 (積雨, jeogu)
- 탄우 (彈雨, tanu)
- 택우 (澤雨, taegu)
- 효우 (曉雨, hyou)
- 홍우 (紅雨, hong'u)
- 회우 (灰雨, hoe'u)
- 앙우 (秧雨, ang'u)
- 증우 (蒸雨, jeung'u)
- 우가 (雨家, uga)
- 우모 (雨毛, umo)
- 우실 (雨實, usil)
- 우어 (雨魚, ueo)
- 우량 (雨量, uryang)
- 황매우 (黃梅雨, hwangmae'u)
- 분룡우 (分龍雨, bullyong'u)
- 탁어우 (濯魚雨, tageou)
- 탁지우 (擢枝雨, takjiu)
- 일서우 (一鋤雨, ilseou)
- 기우비 (旗雨備, giubi)
- 탁지우 (擢枝雨, takjiu)
- 세우사풍 (細雨斜風, se'usapung)
- 열대우림 (熱帶雨林, yeoldae'urim)
- 호풍환우 (呼風喚雨, hopunghwanu)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]
Miyako
Kanji
Readings
- Kun: あみ (ami, 雨)
Noun
雨 (ami)
Northern Amami Ōshima
Kanji
Readings
- Kun: あむぃ (amï, 雨)
Noun
雨 (amï)
- rain
- 今日や、ひかんまら一日中雨模様だりょっと。
- Kyūya, hikanmaraichinichizyūamïmoyōdaryotto.
- It has been raining all day today since this morning.
- 今日や、ひかんまら一日中雨模様だりょっと。
Okinawan
Kanji
Readings
Etymology
From Proto-Ryukyuan *ami.
Pronunciation
Noun
雨 (ami)
Compounds
References
Old Japanese
Etymology
From Proto-Japonic *amay.
Cognate with 天 (ame2, “sky”),[1] as in the location of clouds where water precipitates from.
Noun
雨 (ame2) (kana あめ)
Usage notes
- In some compounds, when prefixed, ame becomes the bound apophonic ama.
- In some compounds, when suffixed, ame becomes same.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:雨.
Derived terms
Descendants
- Japanese: 雨 (ame)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Vietnamese
Han character
雨: Hán Việt readings: vũ[1][2]
雨: Nôm readings: vũ[1][3][4]
References
Yonaguni
Kanji
Readings
- Kun: あみ (ami, 雨)
Noun
雨 (ami)
Yoron
Kanji
Readings
- Kun: あみ (ami, 雨)
Noun
雨 (ami)
Derived terms
- 長雨 (nagami)