いや
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 嫌 厭 (uncommon) 厭や (uncommon) |
Possibly onomatopoeia as a general expression of disgust. Compare similar terms in many different languages, such as English yuck, Finnish yök, Arabic يَع (yaʕ), Turkish ıyak, Thai ยี้ (yíi).
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Adjective
いや • (iya) -na (adnominal いやな (iya na), adverbial いやに (iya ni))
Usage notes
いや (iya) sounds more masculine than やだ (yada), which has the same meaning but is more feminine.
Inflection
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | いやだろ | iya daro | |
| Continuative (連用形) | いやで | iya de | |
| Terminal (終止形) | いやだ | iya da | |
| Attributive (連体形) | いやな | iya na | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | いやなら | iya nara | |
| Imperative (命令形) | いやであれ | iya de are | |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | いやではない いやじゃない |
iya de wa nai iya ja nai | |
| Informal past | いやだった | iya datta | |
| Informal negative past | いやではなかった いやじゃなかった |
iya de wa nakatta iya ja nakatta | |
| Formal | いやです | iya desu | |
| Formal negative | いやではありません いやじゃありません |
iya de wa arimasen iya ja arimasen | |
| Formal past | いやでした | iya deshita | |
| Formal negative past | いやではありませんでした いやじゃありませんでした |
iya de wa arimasen deshita iya ja arimasen deshita | |
| Conjunctive | いやで | iya de | |
| Conditional | いやなら(ば) | iya nara (ba) | |
| Provisional | いやだったら | iya dattara | |
| Volitional | いやだろう | iya darō | |
| Adverbial | いやに | iya ni | |
| Degree | いやさ | iyasa | |
Derived terms
- いやいや (iyaiya)
- 嫌がる (iyagaru): to dislike something; to be reluctant to do something
- 嫌がらせ (iyagarase): harassment, nuisance
- 嫌む (iyamu): to dislike something, to hate something
- 嫌み (iyami): sarcasm; something sarcastic or snide; disagreeability
- 嫌らしい (iyarashii): disagreeable, unpleasant, disgusting (less strong than plain 嫌 (iya)); vulgar, indecent, lascivious
Interjection
いや • (iya)
See also
Etymology 2
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 否 |
From the same origin as 嫌 (iya, “disagreeable; unpleasant”) above.[2]
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Interjection
いや • (iya)
Etymology 3
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Interjection
いや • (iya)
- Exclamation of surprise in contrast to expectations.
- いやぁ、驚いたな。
- Iyā, odoroita na.
- What a surprise.
- いやぁ、驚いたな。
- Exclamation used when one finds it difficult to onboard.
Etymology 4
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 礼 |
/wiya/ → /iya/.
Old Japanese. Probably a variant of うや (uya).
Compound of 居 (i, “existence”) and 弱 (ya, “weak”). 弱 (ya) may be related to the following; 弱い (yowai, “weak”), 止む (yamu, “to stop”), 柳 (yanagi, “willow”), 和らぐ (yawaragu, “soft”).
病む (yamu, “sick”) may also be 弱 (ya, “weak”)'s wanderwort.
References
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ija̠]
Noun
- the act of respecting one; reverence
Derived terms
- 礼ぶ (iyabu, “to show respect; to honor”)
- 敬う (iyamau, “to show respect; to honor”)
- いやいやしい (iyaiyashii, “polite; respectful”)
See also
- 礼をする (rei o suru)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ “否”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][1] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN