箸

箸 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹十大日 (HJKA), four-corner 8860₄, composition ⿱𥫗者)

• 𢷷, 櫡, 𥗁, 𦇃, 𨮿, 𣃑

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 891, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26224
• Dae Jaweon: page 1318, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2979, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7BB8

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tas, *das): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 者 (OC *tjaːʔ).

The Classical Chinese word for "chopsticks". It has been replaced by 筷子 (kuàizi) in many dialects for taboo reasons, avoiding homophony with 住 (zhù, “stopping”) in boatmen's language. Still used in almost all Min dialects and sporadically in other topolects, such as Southern Wu topolects including Wenzhounese.

箸

1. (literary or regional) chopsticks (Classifier: 雙／双; 奇 md mn)

   • 飯黍毋以箸。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     饭黍毋以箸。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Fàn shǔ wú yǐ zhù. [Pinyin]

     Do not use chopsticks in eating millet.

   • 停杯投箸不能食，拔劍四顧心茫然。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     停杯投箸不能食，拔剑四顾心茫然。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 774, 李白 (Li Bai), 《行路難》其一 (The Hard Road)

     Tíng bēi tóu zhù bùnéng shí, bájiàn sìgù xīn mángrán. [Pinyin]

     I rest my cup and throw away my chopsticks, I cannot eat or drink; I draw my sword and look around in confusion.

   • 紂王有一日得著一雙象牙ê箸，伊ê人臣箕子看了不止憂悶驚惶。 [Hokkien, trad.]
     纣王有一日得着一双象牙ê箸，伊ê人臣箕子看了不止忧闷惊惶。 [Hokkien, simp.]

     From: 1916, anon., Tùi小可會知大項

     Tiū-ông ū chi̍t ji̍t tit-tio̍h chi̍t siang chhiūⁿ-gê ê tī, i ê jîn-sîn Kî-chú khòaⁿ-liáu put-chí iu-būn kiaⁿ-hiâⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     One day, King Zhou got a pair of ivory chopsticks. His official Jizi saw that and became incessantly worried and frightened.

2. (Min) chopstick-shaped object

   冰箸 [Eastern Min]  ―  bĭng-*dê̤ṳ / [piŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ tøy²⁴²] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  ice lolly

3. (literary or Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for an amount of food held with a pair of chopsticks: chopstickful

   我夾箸麵畀你試下吖。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   我夹箸面畀你试下吖。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ gaap³ zyu⁶ min⁶ bei² nei⁵ si³ haa⁵ a¹. [Jyutping]

   I'll get a chopstickful of noodles for you to try.

   • 一箸青絲菜，三杯白玉醅。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     一箸青丝菜，三杯白玉醅。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Song dynasty, 王炎, 壬戌立春日

     Yī zhù qīngsī cài, sān bēi bái yùpēi. [Pinyin]

     A chopstickful of chive sprouts, three cups of beautiful white rice wine.

• → Baha: daau³³ (“chopsticks”)
• → Bouyei: deh (“chopsticks”)
• → Burmese: (via Min Nan) တူ (tu, “chopsticks”)
• → Korean: 저 (箸, jeo) > 젓가락 (jeotgarak, “chopsticks”)
• → Lao: ຖູ່ (thū) > ໄມ້ຖູ່ (mai thū, “chopsticks”)
• ⇒ Lolopo: azzu (“chopsticks”)
• → Lü: ᦏᦴᧈ (ṫhuu¹) > ᦙᦺᧉᦏᦴᧈ (may²ṫhuu¹, “chopsticks”)
• → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *drouH (“chopsticks”)
  • Iu Mien: zouc
  • White Hmong: rawg
• → Nuosu: ꎋ (rrup, “chopsticks”)
• → Sui: zuh (“chopsticks”)
• → Vietnamese: đũa (“chopsticks”)
• → Zhuang: dawh (“chopsticks”)

• “箸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “箸”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 139.

(Jōyō kanji)

1. chopstick

From Middle Chinese 箸 (MC drjoH); compare Mandarin 箸 (zhù):

• Go-on: じょ (jo)^{←ぢよ (dyo, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちょ (cho)

From Middle Chinese; compare Mandarin 箸 (zhuó):

• Go-on: じゃく (jaku)^{←ぢやく (dyaku, historical)}、ちゃく (chaku)
• Kan-on: ちゃく (chaku)

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: はし (hashi, 箸, Jōyō)、あらわす (arawasu, 箸す)、きる (kiru, 箸る)、つく (tsuku, 箸く)
• Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、つく (tsuku)

From Old Japanese, tentatively traced to Proto-Japonic *pasui (compare Ainu パスイ (pasui)). Probably related to 挟む (hasamu, “to pinch, to scissor, to hold between”), possibly also related to 嘴 (“beak”, pitch accent hàshí) or 端 (“tip”, pitch accent háꜜshì).

• (Tokyo) はし [háꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ɕi]

箸(はし) • (hashi) 

1. chopsticks, a chopstick

   Synonym: お手元 (otemoto)

• → Bengali: হাশি (haśi)
• → Esperanto: haŝio
• → Jeju: 하시 (hasi)
• → Palauan: hasi
• → Portuguese: hashi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʌ̹]
• Phonetic hangul: [저]

箸 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

箸: Hán Việt readings: trứ^[1][2][3], trợ^[1][3]
箸: Nôm readings: đũa^[4][5][6], trứ^[5], chước^[5], giạ^[5]

1. chữ Nôm form of đũa (“chopstick(s)”)